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diskpart superset ¢Í§¡ÒôÓà¹Ô¹¡Ò÷Õèä´éÃѺ¡ÒÃʹѺʹع â´ÂÊá¹»ÍÔ¹¡ÒèѴ¡ÒôÔÊ¡ì ·Õèà»Ô´ãªé§Ò¹ Êá¹»ÍÔ¹¡ÒèѴ¡ÒôÔÊ¡ì prohibits ¤Ø³¨Ò¡¡ÒôÓà¹Ô¹¡ÒáÃзӷÕèÍÒ¨·ÓãËé¢éÍÁÙÅÊÙ­ËÒÂâ´ÂäÁèä´éµÑé§ã¨ ¢Íá¹Ð¹ÓãËé ¤Ø³ãªéÂÙ·ÔÅÔµÕ Diskpart cautiously à¹×èͧ¨Ò¡µÑǤǺ¤ØÁ·ÕèªÑ´à¨¹¢Í§¾ÒÃìµÔªÑ¹áÅÐä´Ã¿ì¢éÍÁÙÅ·Õè·ÓãËé Diskpart

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diskpart ͹حҵãËé¾ÒÃìµÔªÑ¹·Õèá¹è¹Í¹´Óà¹Ô¹¡ÒÃź·Õè¶Ù¡ºÅçͤ â´ÂÊá¹»ÍÔ¹ µÑÇÍÂèÒ§àªè¹ ¤Ø³ÊÒÁÒöãªé Diskpart ¡ÒÃź¾ÒÃìµÔªÑ¹ MBR OEM ÍÂèÒ§äáçµÒÁ ¾ÒÃìµÔªÑ¹àËÅèÒ¹ÕéÁÑ¡¨Ð»ÃСͺ´éÇÂá¿éÁ·ÕèÁÕ¤ÇÒÁÊӤѭ¡Ñº¡ÒôÓà¹Ô¹¡ÒáѺá¾Åµ¿ÍÃìÁä» diskpart ºÅçÍ¡¡ÒÃź¢Í§Ãкº»Ñ¨¨ØºÑ¹ ºÙµ ËÃ×Íä´Ã¿ì¢éÍÁÙŢͧྨ㹠áÅоÒÃìµÔªÑ¹ ¹Í¡¨Ò¡¹Õé Diskpart ºÅçÍ¡¡ÒÃź¾ÒÃì·ÔªÑ¹·Õè underlie ´ÔÊ¡ìẺ䴹ÒÁÔ¡

¤Ø³äÁèÊÒÁÒöãªé Diskpart à¾×èÍÊÃéÒ§¾ÒÃìµÔªÑ¹º¹Ê×èÍ·Õè¶Í´ÍÍ¡ä´é windows ʹѺʹع¾ÒÃìµÔÍÂèÒ§ÁÒ¡ MBR ªÑ¹Ë¹Ö觺¹Ê×èÍ·Õè¶Í´ÍÍ¡ä´é ¶éÒÊ×èͶ١¼ÅÔµ ´éÇ MBR ÁÕ MBR ¹Ñé¹äÁèÊÒÁÒöà»ÅÕè¹ áµèµÒÁ MBR áÁéÇèÒ¡ÒáÓ˹´¤èÒ¾ÒÃìµÔªÑ¹ËÃ×Íä´Ã¿ìÅͨԤÑÅËÅÒÂÃÒ¡Òà ¶éÒÊ×èͶ١¼ÅÔµâ´ÂäÁèÁÕ MBR Ê×èͶ١¨Ñ´ãËéà»ç¹áºº "superfloppy" áÅÐäÁèÁÕâ¤Ã§ÊÃéÒ§¾ÒÃìµÔªÑ¹¶Ù¡à¢Õ¹ä»ÂѧÊ×èÍ

ÍÑ¡Éê×èÍä´Ã¿ìÊÓËÃѺä´Ã¿ìẺ¶Í´ä´éà¡ÕèÂÇ¢éͧ ¡Ñºä´Ã¿ì áÅÐäÁè ÁÕÊ×èÍ ¤Ø³ÊÒÁÒöãªé Diskpart ¡ÒÃà»ÅÕè¹ÍÑ¡Éê×èÍä´Ã¿ì

ÅÒÂà«ç¹´ÔÊ¡ì·ÓãËé diskpart µÒÃÒ§¾ÒÃìµÔªÑ¹ GUID (GPT) µÑÇÃкطÕèäÁè«éӡѹ (guid ¢Í§), áÅоÒÃìµÔªÑ¹ GPT guid ¢Í§ãËéÁÕÊÃéÒ§´ÔÊ¡ì ¤Ø³äÁèÊÒÁÒö¡Ó˹´ÃÒ¡ÒÃàËÅèÒ¹Õéä´é â´Âãªé Diskpart

ÂÙ·ÔÅÔµÕ Diskpart (àªè¹à´ÕÂÇ ¡Ñºá¹»-ã¹) ÃÇÁ¡ÒÃʹѺʹعÊÓËÃѺãËÁè Itanium ´ÔÊ¡ì¾ÒÃìµÔªÑ¹áºº GPT ·ÕèàÃÕ¡ÇèÒ ¤Ø³äÁèÊÒÁÒöãªé´ÔÊ¡ì GPT ã´ æ x ãªé x86 Windows xp ËÃ×Í Windows 2000 ãªé¤ÍÁ¾ÔÇàµÍÃì diskpart ªèÇÂãËé¡ÒÃá»Å§¢Í§ GPT ¾ÒÃìà¾×èÍ MBR ¾ÒÃìÊÓËÃѺ´ÔÊ¡ì·ÕèÇèÒ§à·èÒ¹Ñé¹

¤Ø³ÊÒÁÒöãªé Diskpart à¾×èÍź´ÔÊ¡ìẺ䴹ÒÁÔ¡·Õè¢Ò´ËÒÂä» ä´¹ÒÁÔ¡´ÔÊ¡ì»ÃСͺ´éÇ°ҹ¢éÍÁÙÅ·ÕèãªéÃèÇÁ¡Ñ¹ ·Ñé§ËÁ´¢Í§´ÔÊ¡ìẺ䴹ÒÁԡ㹤ÍÁ¾ÔÇàµÍÃì·ÕèÁÕ¤ÇÒÁÃÙé¢Í§´ÔÊ¡ìẺ䴹ÒÁÔ¡·Ñé§ËÁ´Í×è¹ æ º¹¤ÍÁ¾ÔÇàµÍÃìà¤Ã×èͧ¹Ñé¹ àÁ×èÍÁÕÂéÒÂä´¹ÒÁÔ¡´ÔÊ¡ì à¤Ã×èͧ¤ÍÁ¾ÔÇàµÍÃìà´ÔÁ¾Ô¨ÒóÒàËÅèÒ´ÔÊ¡ìà»ç¹ "·Õè¢Ò´ËÒÂä»"

Drive letters are not automatically assigned when you use Diskpart. To ensure that a given partition or volume has a drive letter, you must explicitly assign a drive letter. You can either assign the drive letter or allow the next available drive letter to be allocated.

Setting Focus

Most Diskpart commands operate on a specific target disk, partition, or volume. The targeted object has "focus." Focus simplifies the common configuration task in which you create multiple partitions on the same disk. An object is put into focus by theàÅ×Í¡¤ÓÊÑè§ All Commands except forlist,help,rem,exitËÃ×Íhelprequire focus.

ãªéẺàÅ×Í¡command to explicitly change the focus. To implicitly change the focus, use a command such ascreate. You must set the disk focus before you manage a basic disk. On basic disks, the partition focus and volume focus are the same. If you change the focus on one item, you change the focus on the other. On dynamic volumes, only the volume focus is important because the previous partition focus is always lost and the disk focus is only important for simple volumes.

Consider the following examples of a computer that has two disks:

• Each disk contains two primary partitions. The first disk contains the C and D partitions; the second disk contains the E and F partitions. You must set the disk focus to disk 1 before you set the partition focus to either the C or D partitions. You can set the volume focus to either the C, D, E, or F partitions at any time. In this example, if you set the volume focus to the C or D partition, the disk focus does not change; however, if you set the volume focus to the E or F partitions, the disk focus may be moved to the other disk.
• Each disk is dynamic and contains a simple volume and free space. The first disk contains the C partition, and the second disk contains the E partitions. You must set the disk focus before you add a simple volume to the first disk. To extend the C partition, you need to set only the volume focus. Similarly, to add a mirror to the E partition, you need to set only the volume focus to the E partition. If you create a simple volume or extend an existing volume onto the same disk, you do not change the disk focus. If you add a mirror, create a stripe set, or extend an existing volume onto a different disk, you can cause the disk focus to be lost.

ʤÃÔ»µì

Diskpart supports scripted operations. To initiate a Diskpart script, use thediskpart /s script.txt¤ÓÊÑè§ You can script Diskpart on Windows XP, Windows 2000, Remote Installation Services (RIS) unattended install environments, or on the Windows Preinstall Environment (PE) for OEMs.

By default, Diskpart can quit command processing and return an error code if there is a problem in the script. To continue to run a script in this scenario, include thenoerrparameter on the command. This parameter allows you to use a single script to delete all partitions on all data drives, regardless of the total number of drives. However, not all commands support thenoerr¾ÒÃÒÁÔàµÍÃì Even if you use thenoerrparameter, an error is always returned on command syntax errors.

The following list describes the error codes for Diskpart:

• 0 - No error occurred. The entire script ran without failure.
• 1 - A fatal exception occurred. There may be a serious problem.
• 2 - The arguments specified on a Diskpart command line were incorrect.
• 3 - Diskpart was unable to open the specified script or output file.
• 4 - One of the services Diskpart uses returned a failure.
• 5 - A command syntax error occurred. The script failed because an object was improperly selected or was invalid for use with that command.

After you run Diskpart, the Diskpart version and current computer name are displayed.

Command Summary

Commands to Set Focus

àÅ×Í¡

ãªéẺàÅ×Í¡command to set the focus to the specified target. To obtain a list of focus types, leave the»ÃÐàÀ·:field blank. If you do not specify an identification (ID) number, the current focus object is displayed.

select disk[=n]

ãªéẺselect diskcommand to set the focus to the disk that has the specified Windows NT disk number. If you do not specify a disk number, the command displays the current in-focus disk.

select partition[=n/l]

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àÅ×Í¡ä´Ã¿ì¢éÍÁÙÅ·Õè [= / n l]

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ËÅѧ¨Ò¡·Õè´ÔÊ¡ìãËÁè¶Ù¡¤é¹¾º ¡è͹·Õè¨ÐÊѹ¹ÔÉ°Ò¹à»ç¹ ´ÔÊ¡ìẺ MBR ¤Ø³ä´éµéͧá»Å§´ÔÊ¡ìãËé GPT ¡è͹·Õè¤Ø³¾ÂÒÂÒÁ·Õè¨ÐÊÃéÒ§¾ÒÃìµÔªÑ¹ GPT It is recommended that you create the MSR as the first partition on every data disk and the second partition (after the ESP) on any system or boot disk. After you convert from MBR to GPT, the MSR partition is automatically created on the disk.

After you create any new partition, the newly created partition gains the partition focus. After you delete any partition, the partition focus is lost. The disk focus remains unchanged in all cases.

active

ãªéẺactivecommand to set the current in-focus partition to "active." This setting informs the firmware that the partition is a valid system partition. Diskpart does not validate the partition contents.

ËÁÒÂà˵Ø:: If you use this command, the computer may be unable to restart.

assign [[letter=l]/[mount=path]] [noerr]

ãªéẺ¡Ó˹´command to assign a letter or mount point to the current in-focus partition. If you do not specify a drive letter, the next available drive letter is assigned. If the letter or mount point is already in use, an error is generated unless you use thenoerr¾ÒÃÒÁÔàµÍÃì

You can use this command to change the drive letter that is associated with a removable drive.

The drive letter assignment is blocked on the system, boot, or paging volumes. This command cannot be used to assign a drive letter to an OEM partition or any GPT partition, other than the Msdata partition.

create partition primary [size=n] [offset=n] [id=byte/guid] [noerr]

ãªéẺcreate partition primarycommand to create a primary partition of length size and a starting address offset on the current drive.

If an ID byte is not specified on an MBR disk, this command creates a partition with type "0x6." ¤Ø³ÊÒÁÒöãªéä´éËÁÒÂàÅ¢parameter to specify the partition type. There is no validity or other checking of the ID byte.

If you do not specify an ID GUID on a GPT disk, this command creates an Msdata partition. ¤Ø³ÊÒÁÒöãªéä´éËÁÒÂàÅ¢parameter to specify any GUID. There is no validity, duplication, or other checking of the GUID. The partition instance GUID is automatically generated.

MBR and GPT partitions are created so that Windows does not automatically allocate drive letters. You must explicitly assign a drive letter.

create partition extended [size=n] [offset=n] [noerr]

ãªéẺcreate partition extendedcommand to create an extended partition of length size and starting address offset on the current drive. The drive must be an MBR disk.

After the partition is created, the new extended partition gains the focus. You can create only one extended partition. You can create logical drives only after you create an extended partition.

create partition logical [size=n] [offset=n] [noerr]

ãªéẺcreate partition logicalcommand to create a logical drive of length size and starting address offset in an existing extended partition on the current disk. The drive must be an MBR disk.

If an offset is not listed, the logical drive is placed in the first unoccupied contiguous disk extent in the extended partition that is large enough. If a size is not listed, the partition may be extended to occupy the entire extended partition.

After you create the partition, the logical drive gains the partition focus.

create partition msr [size=n] [offset=n] [noerr]

¡Ãкǹ¡ÒÃcreate partition msrcommand is the equivalent of creating the partition with the MSR GUID E3C9E316-0B5C-4DB8-817D-F92DF00215AE.

create partition esp [size=n] [offset=n] [noerr]

¡Ãкǹ¡ÒÃcreate partition espcommand is the equivalent of creating the partition with ESP GUID C12A7328-F81F-11D2-BA4B-00A0C93EC93B.

delete partition [noerr] [override]

ãªéẺdelete partitioncommand to delete the current in-focus partition.

Diskpart blocks the deletion of the current system, boot, or paging volume. To delete either an ESP, MSR, or a known OEM partition, you must specify theoverride¾ÒÃÒÁÔàµÍÃì

extend [size=n][noerr]

ãªéẺextendcommand to cause the current in-focus volume to be extended into contiguous unallocated space. The unallocated space must follow (it must be of higher sector offset than) the in-focus partition. The intended use of this command is to grow an existing basic data partition into newly created space on an extended hardware Raid logical unit number (LUN).

If the partition had been previously formatted with the NTFS file system, the file system is automatically extended to occupy the larger partition, and data loss does not occur. If the partition had been previously formatted with any file system format other than NTFS, the command is unsuccessful and does not change the partition.

Diskpart blocks the extension of only the current system or boot partition.

remove [[letter=l]/[mount=path]/[all]] [noerr]

ãªéẺremovecommand to remove a letter or mount point from the current in-focus partition. ¶éҤسÃкعÑé¹·Ñé§ËÁ´parameter, all of the current drive letters and mount points are removed. If you do not specify a letter or mount point, the drive letter is removed.

Use this command to change the drive letter that is associated with a removable drive.

The drive letter removal is blocked on the system, boot, or paging volumes. You cannot use this command to remove a drive letter to an OEM partition, any GPT partition with an unrecognized GUID, or any of the special non-data, GPT partitions, such as, the ESP partition.

Commands to Manage Dynamic Disks

You can use the commands that are described in this section to create and delete volumes, repair fault tolerant volumes, and import disks.

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à¾ÔèÁ´ÔÊ¡ì = n [noerr]

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¡Ó˹´ [[ÍÑ¡Éà = l] / [¡Ó˹´ãªé =àÊé¹·Ò§]] [noerr]

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ÊÃéÒ§ä´Ã¿ì¢éÍÁÙÅẺ¸ÃÃÁ´Ò [¢¹Ò´ = n] [´ÔÊ¡ì = n] [noerr]

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ÊÃéÒ§ä´Ã¿ì¢éÍÁÙÅÊä·Ã¾ì [¢¹Ò´ = n] ´ÔÊ¡ì = n [, n [...)]] [noerr]

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¶éҤسäÁèä´éÃкآ¹Ò´ àÊÕ§Êä·Ã¾ì·Õèà»ç¹ä»ä´éÁÒ¡·ÕèÊØ´¶Ù¡ÊÃéÒ§¢Öé¹ ´ÔÊ¡ì·Õè ÁÕàÅç¡ÊØ´¾ÃéÍÁãªé§Ò¹ÍÂÙèµÔ´¡Ñ¹à¹×éÍ·ÕèÇèÒ§·Õè¨Ð¡Ó˹´ ¢¹Ò´¢Í§à¹×éÍ·ÕèÇèÒ§·Õè¡Ó˹´¢¹Ò´ä´Ã¿ì¢éÍÁÙÅẺÊä·Ã¾ì ÁÕ¡ÒûѹÊèǹ¢¹Ò´à·èҡѹã¹áµèÅдÔÊ¡ì

ÊÃéÒ§ä´Ã¿ì¢éÍÁÙÅ raid [¢¹Ò´ = n] ´ÔÊ¡ì = n [, n [...)]] [noerr]

ãªéẺcreate volume raidcommand to create a Raid-5 set volume on the specified disks. An amount of space that is equal to "size" is allocated on each disk.

If you do not specify a size, the largest possible Raid 5 volume is created. The disk with the smallest available contiguous free space is determined. The size of that free space determines the size for the Raid 5 volume and the same size is allocated from each disk. The actual usable size of the volume is less than the size multiplied by the number of disks, because some of the space is used for the parity.

delete disk [noerr][override]

ãªéẺdelete diskcommand to delete a missing dynamic disk from the disk list.

If you do not specify theoverrideparameter, all of the simple volumes that are contained on the disk are deleted and any mirror plexes are removed. If the disk contributes to a Raid 5 volume, the command is unsuccessful.

delete partition [noerr] [override]

ãªéẺdelete partitioncommand to delete the current in-focus partition.

Diskpart blocks the deletion of any partitions that are used to contain existing online dynamic volumes. Those volumes must be deleted and the disk converted to basic. To delete an ESP, MSR, or known OEM partition, specify theoverride¾ÒÃÒÁÔàµÍÃì

You can delete partitions from dynamic disks, but you cannot create them. For example, you can delete an unrecognized GPT partition on a dynamic GPT disk. If you delete a partition, the free space does not become available. You can use this command to reclaim the space on a corrupted offline dynamic disk in an emergency situation in which you cannot use theclean¤ÓÊÑè§

delete volume [noerr]

ãªéẺdelete volumecommand to delete the current in-focus volume. After you use this command, all data is lost.

extend disk=n [size=n] [noerr]

ãªéẺextendcommand to extend the current simple or the extended volume onto the specified disk. ¡Ãкǹ¡ÒÃextendcommand only works with NTFS volumes.

If you do not specify a size, the volume can occupy all of the free space on the specified disk. Any existing disk focus is lost.

import [noerr]

ãªéẺimportcommand to import all of the disks from a foreign disk group.

If you set the focus on any disk in the foreign disk group, you can import all disks in the group. After you run this command, any existing volume or disk focus is lost.

online [noerr]

ãªéẺonlinecommand to bring a disk or volume that had previously been taken offline back online. A change in focus does not occur if you use this command.

remove [[letter=l]/[mount=path]/[all]] [noerr]

ãªéẺremovecommand to remove a letter or mount point from the current in-focus volume. ¶éҤسãªé¡Ò÷Ñé§ËÁ´parameter, all of the current drive letters and mount points are removed. If you do not specify a letter or mount point, the path that is encountered first is removed.

The drive letter removal is blocked on the system, boot, or paging volumes.

ÃÑ¡ÉÒ

ãªéẺÃÑ¡ÉÒcommand to prepare a dynamic simple volume to be used as a boot or system volume.

¶éҤسãªé¡ÒÃÃÑ¡ÉÒcommand on an x86-based computer, an MBR partition on the dynamic simple volume is created with focus. To create an MBR partition, the dynamic simple volume must start at a cylinder aligned offset and be an integral number of cylinders in size.

¶éҤسãªé¡ÒÃÃÑ¡ÉÒcommand on an Itanium-based computer, theÃÑ¡ÉÒcommand creates a GPT partition on the dynamic simple volume with focus.

Commands to Convert Disks

convert mbr [noerr]

ãªéẺá»Å§ mbrcommand to set the partitioning style of the current disk to MBR. The disk may be a basic disk or a dynamic disk but the disk must not contain any valid data partitions or volumes.

convert gpt [noerr]

ãªéẺconvert gptcommand to set the partitioning style of the current disk to GPT. The disk may be a basic or a dynamic disk but it must not contain any valid data partitions or volumes. This command is valid only on Itanium-based computers; it may be unsuccessful on x-86-based computers.

convert dynamic [noerr]

ãªéẺconvert dynamiccommand to change a basic disk into a dynamic disk. The disk may contain valid data partitions.

convert basic [noerr]

ãªéẺconvert basiccommand to change an empty dynamic disk to basic.

Miscellaneous Commands

exit

ãªéẺexitcommand to stop Diskpart and return control to the operating system.

clean [all]

ãªéẺcleancommand to remove partition or volume formatting from the current in-focus disk by zeroing sectors. By default, only the MBR or GPT partitioning information and any hidden sector information on MBR disks is overwritten. ¶éҤسÃкعÑé¹·Ñé§ËÁ´parameter, each and every sector can be zeroed, and all data that is contained on the drive can be deleted.

rem [...]

¡Ãкǹ¡ÒÃremcommand does nothing, and you can use it to comment script files.

rescan

ãªéẺrescancommand to rescan all I/O buses and cause any new disks that have been added to the computer to be discovered.

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