????? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? NTFS

???? ???????: 303079 - ??? ???????? ???? ????? ????? ??? ???????.
????? ???????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????
??????
????? ??? ??????? ??? Windows 2000. ????? ?? Windows 2000 ????? ?? 13 ????? 2010.Windows 2000 End-of-Support Solution Center
(http://support.microsoft.com/?scid=http%3a%2f%2fsupport.microsoft.com%2fwin2000)
???? ????? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ????? ?? ?? ???? ??????? Windows 2000. ????? ?? ????????? ???? Microsoft Support Lifecycle Policy
(http://support.microsoft.com/lifecycle/)
.
????? ???? | ?? ????

?? ??? ??????

??????

????? ???? ??????? NTFS ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ??? ?? ???? ??? ????? ?? misreported ????? ????? ??? ?????. ?? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ????? NTFS ???? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?? ??? ???? ????? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ????????? ??????? ?? ???????. ??????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ????? NTFS ????? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? secretly ???, ???? ??? NTFS ??? ??? ???????? ????? ?? ???????. ?? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ???????.

?????? ??? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? NTFS ??? ????? ????? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ?? ???? ???????. ???? ??? ??????? ????? Windows 2000 ???? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ???????? ??? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????; ??? Windows NT ?????????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ?????. ?????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ????? NTFS misreported ????:
  • ???? ??????? NTFS ??? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ?????.
  • ???? ????? ?? ?????? NTFS ??? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? Windows ?? ?? Windows ???? ???????.
  • ???? ?????? ?????? 255 ?????.
  • ????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ?? ?????.
  • ????? ??????? NTFS (??? ???? ??????? ????????) ?? ????? ?????? de-allocated.
  • ????? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ???????? ???????.
  • ???? ??? ???? ????? NTFS ??????? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ?????????.
  • ????? ???? NTFS ?? ???? ??????? ??? ???????.
???? ??? ?????? | ????? ???????

??????? ????

?????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ?? NTFS ??? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ???????.

??? ???? ??????? ???? ????

???? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???? ????? ????? ??????? NTFS ????? ??? ???? ??????? ???????? (MFT) ? ????? ?????? ?????. ?? ??????? ????? ????? ??? ???? ???????? ??????? ????. ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ???????? ?????????. ??? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ???? ??? ?????.????? ?? ????????? ??? ????? ???? ??? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?? "????? ??????? ?? Microsoft" (????? ?? ??? ???????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ??????????):
140365
(http://support.microsoft.com/kb/140365/ )
??? ?????? ????????? ?? FAT ?NTFS
????? ??? ????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ??? ??? ????? ??????. ????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ???????? ??? ???, ???? NTFS ????? ??? ????? ?? ?? ??? ??????.

???????? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ???????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? chkdsk ??????? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ???
IE: Chkdsk D:
?? ?? ???? ??????? ???????. ??? ???? ??????: 
   4096543 KB total disk space. <--- Total formatted disk capacity. 
   2906360 KB in 19901 files. <--- Space used by user file data.
      6344 KB in 1301 indexes. <--- Space used by NTFS indexes.
         0 KB in bad sectors.  <--- Space lost to bad sectors.
     49379 KB in use by the system.  <--- Includes MFT and other NTFS metafiles.
     22544 KB occupied by the log file.  <--- NTFS Log file - (Can be adjusted using chkdsk /L:size)
   1134460 KB available on disk.  <--- Available FREE disk space

      4096 bytes in each allocation unit.  <--- Cluster Size. (4K)
   1024135 total allocation units on disk. <--- Total Clusters on disk.
    283615 allocation units available on disk. <--- Available free clusters.
??????: ??? ?? ???? ???? ??? ????? ?? ???????? (KB) ??? 1024 ?????? ??? ???? ????. ??? ???? ??????: 2906360 × 1024 = 2,976,112,640 ????.

???????? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ??? ????????? ?? ??? ?????? ?????????. ?????? ?? ??? ??? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????:
  1. ???? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ????????? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? (??? ???? ??????? D).

    ??? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ???????? ???????? ???????? ?? ?????.
  2. ???? ??? ?? ??? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ??????? ?????.
  3. ?? ???? ??????? ????????? ???????, ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ' ????? '.

    ??? ??? ???? ???? "?????" ???? ????? ??? ????? ????? ???. ????? ????? ????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? tabulates ????? ???????? ??? ??????? ?????: ???? ??? ??? ?????.
?? ???? ??? ??????? ??? NTFS ?? ??? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ??? ??? "????? ON ???" ????? ????? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ???? - ?? - ????????. ??? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ???? ???? ??? ????? ON ??? ???? ??? ???? ??? ????. ????? ????? ??? DISK ON ??? ???? ??? ????? ?? ????? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ????????? ???? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ??? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ?????. ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ????????? ????? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? format ?????? ??????? /a ?????? ??? ??????? ???????:
IE: ????? & D: & / a: 2048
(?????? ??? ?????? ??? ???? 2 ????????).

??????: ????? ????? ??? NTFS ???????? ????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ??? ???? ???? ??????; ??? ???? ?? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ??????.

???? ????? ?? ?????? NTFS

?????? Windows ??????? ??????? ??? ???????
DIR /a /s
??? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ???????? ??? ??? ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? ??????. ??????? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ??????? ???????. ?? ???? ??? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ????????? ??? ????? ???? ???????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? Windows ?? DIR ????? ?????. ?????? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????????? ????????? ????? "?????? ??????" ?????? ??????? ???????:
  1. ???? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ????????? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ??????? (D) ????? ??????? ???????. ??? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ???????? ???????? ???????? ?? ?????.
  2. ?? ??????? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ???.
  3. ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ?? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ???????? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ???????.
  4. ????? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ?????.
???? ??? ?????? Windows ? & /A DIR ????? /S ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ???????? ???????? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ??? ???????? ??????.

?????? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ???????? ???? ??????? ???????:
  1. ?? ???? ???????? ????? ??????? ??????? /A DIR /S ??? ??? ???.

    ??? ???? ??????: /A D: DIR /S > C:\D-DIR.TXT
  2. ????? ntbackup.exe ?? ??? ?????? Detailed ??? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ????????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????.

    ???? ????? ????? ????? ????? ?????????.
  3. ??? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ????????? ???? ??????? ??????? ???????? (D) ??? ?? ?????.
  4. ??? ????? ????? ????????? ??? ????? ????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ??? NTBackup ?? DIR.TXT D ??? ????? ?? ?????? 1.
????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ????????? ????? ???????, ?? ????? ??? ????? ??? ???????? ???????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? Windows ? ????? DIR. ?? ??? ??? ???? ?? ????????? GUI NTBackup ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ????? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? Windows ???? ?????? ????? ????????? ????? ???????.

??? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ??? ?? ???? ?? ?????? Windows. ???? ???????? ?? ??? ?????? ??? "???? ????? ??????" ??????? ??????. ?????? ??? ????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? /A DIR /S ?????.

??????: ????? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ?? re-assign ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????????. ?? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????:
D:\directory_name\ ??? ???? ??????

?? ??? ??????
??? ??? ???? ??? ????? ??? ???? "?????? ??? ????????" ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? Microsoft ?????? ??? ?????:
http://support.microsoft.com/contactus/?ws=supportquestion.asp
(http://support.microsoft.com/contactus/?ws=supportquestion.asp)

????? ??????? ??? ????

??????? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ???????? ??????? ????????. ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ????????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ??? NTFS ???? ??? ??????? ?? Win32 ???? ??? ? ????? ?? ??? ?? ?? ?????? Windows ?? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ???.????? ?? ?????????? ???? ??? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?? "????? ??????? ?? Microsoft" (????? ?? ??? ???????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ??????????):
120716
(http://support.microsoft.com/kb/120716/ )
????? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?? Windows
???? ?????? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ????????. ?? ????? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ?????:
??? ??? ????? ????? ????? ????? ?? ??????

?? ???? ????? ????? ?????: ?? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ?????.
- ?? -
??? ??? ????? ??? ??? ?? ????

?? ???? ??? ?????: ?? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ?????.
??? ??? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ???? "?????? ??? ????????" ?? ???? Microsoft ?????? ??? ?????:
http://support.microsoft.com/contactus/?ws=supportquestion.asp
(http://support.microsoft.com/contactus/?ws=supportquestion.asp)

????? ???? ??????? ???????? (MFT) NTFS

????? ???? ????? NTFS ????? ????? ???? ????? NTFS ??? ????? ????? ???????. ??? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ??????? (MFT). ??? ???? ???? ??? ????? ????? (????? 16 ????????) ? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ???????. ????? ??? ????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ?? MFT ?? ??? ??? ???? (FRS) ? ????? ???? ?????? ??? 1024 ???? (KB 1). ??? ??? ????? ????? ??? ???? ???????, MFT ????? ??? ?? ?????. ????? ??? ??? ??????? FRSs ???????? ??? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ???????, ???? FRSs ???????? ???????? ???? ????? MFT. ??? ???? ???, ??? ??? ??? ???? ?? ???????, ??? ??????? ??????? ????????? ?????? MFT.

??????? ???? MFT ????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? defrag ???? ????? ???? ???????. ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ?? MFT.

????:

Master File Table (MFT) fragmentation
	Total MFT size =        26,203 KB
	MFT record count =      21,444
	Percent MFT in use =    81 %
	Total MFT fragments =   4
??? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ??????? (?????) ??? ????????? ?? ??? ???? ??????? NTFS ??????? ????? chkdsk ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????:
??? ????????? ?? ??? ??????.
??????? defrag ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??? ????????? ?? MFT FRS ???????? ??? ????????? ?? MFT ????? ?????.

??? ???????? ???????

???? NTFS ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ??? ???????? ???????. ???? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ???????? ????? ??? ???? ?? ????. ?????? ?? ??? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??? ???????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????????.

????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ???????? ???????:

  • ?????? Windows ? ??? ????? DIR ????? ???????? ???????? ?? ???????? ??????? ???????? ???? ?? ???????? ???? ??????? ?? ??? ?????. ????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ???????? ???????.
  • ??????? ?? chkdsk ?? ??????? ????????? ?????? ????? ???????? ???????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ???????? ??????? ???? ????.
  • ???? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ???????? ???? ??? ?? ????? ???????? ???????? ????????.
  • ???? NTBackup ??? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ????????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ?????????. ??? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ???????? ??????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ???????? ?? ?????? ??????.

??? ???? ??????? NTFS

?? ????? ?????? ???? NTFS ????? ??????? MFT $ ?? ??? ????? $ ?? ???? ?? ???? ??? ????? ???????. ???? ?????? ??? ??? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ????? chkdsk /F ????????? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ??????. ?????? ?? ??????? chkdsk ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? $ ????? ??? ???:
????? ????? ?? (MFT) ???? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ???????.
?????? CHKDSK ???? ?? ????? "????? ????? ??????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????.
??? Windows ????? ????????? ??? ???? ???????.

????? NTFS ?????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ?????

NTFS ????? ???? ???????? ????? ? ???? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ???????. ?? ????? ??? ??????? ???????? ???????? NTFS ???? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ??? ???????? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ?????.

?????? ???? ????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ???. ???? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ?????. ??? ????? ????? NTFS, ???? ?? ???? ??? ??? ???????? ????? ?????? ? ???????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ???? ?? ????? ?????? (?? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ?????? ????). ??? ???? ?????????? ???? ??? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ??? ?? ?? ?????????? ?????? ?????. ??? ??? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ?????????? ????. ??? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ???????? ??? ?? ??? ???. ?? ?? ???????? ??? Windows Explorer ?????? ???? ??????? ???????? ???? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ???????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ?????.

???? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ????? NTFS ??? ??? ?? ???? ???? ??? ???? ????? ????. ?????? Windows ? ??? /s DIR ???? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ?? ?? ??????? ???????? ??? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ???????? ???? ??????? ??????. ?? ???? ??? ???? ????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ????????? ??? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ?? ??? ????????? ??????. ????? ?? ????????? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?? "????? ??????? ?? Microsoft" (????? ?? ??? ???????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ??????????):
205524
(http://support.microsoft.com/kb/205524/ )
????? ????? ???? ??????? NTFS ?????????
?? ???? ? chkdsk ????? GUI NTBackup ?? ????? ????????? ????? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ??? ???? ?????. ??? ????? ????? ?????? Windows ? ????? DIR ???? ??? ??? ???? ? ???? ??? ????????? ???? ?????.
???? ??? ?????? | ????? ???????

???????

???? ???????: 303079 - ????? ??? ??????: 11/???/1428 - ??????: 4.7
????? ???
  • Microsoft Windows 2000 Server
  • Microsoft Windows 2000 Advanced Server
  • Microsoft Windows 2000 Professional Edition
????? ??????: 
kbmt kberrmsg kbhowto kbinfo KB303079 KbMtar
????? ????
???: ??? ????? ??? ?????? ???????? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ?????????? ????? ?? ????????? ?????? ????. ???? ???? ?????????? ???? ?? ???????? ???????? ?????? ????????? ????? ????????? ???????? ????? ???????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ???????? ???????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??. ?????? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ???????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ????? ?????. ?? ????? ???? ?????????? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ???????? ?? ??? ???????. ???? ???? ?????????? ???????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????
???? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????????303079
(http://support.microsoft.com/kb/303079/en-us/ )
???? ??? ?????? | ????? ???????

????? ???????

 
???? ??? ?????????? ??? ??????