Structure IcmpPacket
#Region "PUBLIC MEMBER VARIABLES"
Dim type_message As Byte ' Type of message.
Dim subCode_type As Byte ' Type of sub-code.
Dim complement_checkSum As UInt16 ' One's complement checksum for the structure.
Dim identifier As UInt16 ' Identifier.
Dim sequenceNumber As UInt16 ' Sequence number.
Dim data() As Byte ' Data.
#End Region
#Region "PUBLIC MEMBER METHODS"
Public Sub Initialize(ByVal type As Byte, ByVal subCode As Byte, ByVal payload() As Byte)
Dim index As Integer
Dim buffer_icmpPacket() As Byte
Dim cksumBuffer() As UInt16
Dim icmpHeaderBufferIndex As Int32 = 0
Me.type_message = type
Me.subCode_type = subCode
complement_checkSum = UInt16.Parse("0")
identifier = UInt16.Parse("45")
sequenceNumber = UInt16.Parse("0")
Data = payload
' Declare a variable to store the total packet size.
' Call the Serialize method to count the total number of bytes in the packet.
buffer_icmpPacket = Serialize()
' Resize a UInt16 array to half the size of the packet.
ReDim cksumBuffer((buffer_icmpPacket.Length() \ 2) - 1)
' Initialize the UInt16 array.
For index = 0 To (cksumBuffer.Length() - 1)
cksumBuffer(index) = BitConverter.ToUInt16(buffer_icmpPacket, icmpHeaderBufferIndex)
icmpHeaderBufferIndex += 2
Next index
'Call a method that returns a checksum.
complement_checkSum = MCheckSum.Calculate(cksumBuffer, cksumBuffer.Length())
End Sub
Public Function Size() As Integer
Return (8 + Data.Length())
End Function
' The Serialize method converts the packet to a byte array to calculate the total size.
Public Function Serialize() As Byte()
Dim b_seq() As Byte = BitConverter.GetBytes(sequenceNumber)
Dim b_cksum() As Byte = BitConverter.GetBytes(complement_checkSum)
Dim b_id() As Byte = BitConverter.GetBytes(identifier)
Dim index As Int32 = 0
Dim buffer() As Byte
ReDim buffer(Size() - 1)
' Serialize the structure into the array.
buffer(0) = type_message
buffer(1) = subCode_type
index += 2
Array.Copy(b_cksum, 0, buffer, index, 2)
index += 2
Array.Copy(b_id, 0, buffer, index, 2)
index += 2
Array.Copy(b_seq, 0, buffer, index, 2)
index += 2
' Copy the data.
If (Data.Length() > 0) Then
Array.Copy(Data, 0, buffer, index, Data.Length())
End If
Return buffer
End Function
#End Region
End Structure
CPing 類別包含方法接受的主機名稱或 IP 做為輸入 Ping 主機名稱或 IP 位址，並顯示回應時間伺服器的位址
' The CPing class.
Public Class CPing
#Region "MEMBER CONSTANTS"
Private Const DEFAULT_TIMEOUT As Integer = 1000
Private Const SOCKET_ERROR As Integer = -1
Private Const PING_ERROR As Integer = -1
Private Const ICMP_ECHO As Integer = 8
Private Const DATA_SIZE As Integer = 32
Private Const RECV_SIZE As Integer = 128
#End Region
#Region "MEMBER VARIABLES"
Private _open As Boolean = False
Private _initialized As Boolean
Private _recvBuffer() As Byte
Private _packet As IcmpPacket
Private _hostName As String
Private _server As EndPoint
Private _local As EndPoint
Private _socket As Socket
#End Region
#Region "CONSTRUCTORS & FINALIZER"
Public Sub New(ByVal hostName As String)
Me.HostName() = hostName
ReDim _recvBuffer(RECV_SIZE - 1)
End Sub
Public Sub New()
' Set the default host name to the local host.
Me.HostName() = Dns.GetHostName()
ReDim _recvBuffer(RECV_SIZE - 1)
End Sub
Private Overloads Sub finalize()
' Make sure that you close the socket.
Me.Close()
Erase _recvBuffer
End Sub
#End Region
#Region "MEMBER METHODS"
' Get and set the current host name.
Public Property HostName() As String
Get
Return _hostName
End Get
Set(ByVal Value As String)
_hostName = Value
' If the CPing object is already open, close it and then reopen it by using a new host name.
If (_open) Then
Me.Close()
Me.Open()
End If
End Set
End Property
' Get the state (open or closed).
Public ReadOnly Property IsOpen() As Boolean
Get
Return _open
End Get
End Property
' Create a socket to host remote end points and local end points.
Public Function Open() As Boolean
Dim payload() As Byte
If (Not _open) Then
Try
' Initialize the packet.
ReDim payload(DATA_SIZE)
_packet.Initialize(ICMP_ECHO, 0, payload)
' Initialize an ICMP socket.
_socket = New Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Raw, ProtocolType.Icmp)
' Set the server end point.
_server = New IPEndPoint(Dns.GetHostByName(_hostName).AddressList(0), 0)
' Set the receiving end point as your client computer.
_local = New IPEndPoint(Dns.GetHostByName(Dns.GetHostName()).AddressList(0), 0)
_open = True
Catch
Return False
End Try
End If
Return True
End Function
' Destroy the socket and the end points (if necessary).
Public Function Close() As Boolean
If (_open) Then
_socket.Close()
_socket = Nothing
_server = Nothing
_local = Nothing
_open = False
End If
Return True
End Function
' Perform a PING operation.
Public Overloads Function Ping() As Integer
Return Ping(DEFAULT_TIMEOUT)
End Function
' The Ping method performs a PING operation.
Public Overloads Function Ping(ByVal timeOutMilliSeconds As Integer) As Integer
' Initialize the time-out value.
Dim timeOut As Integer = timeOutMilliSeconds + Environment.TickCount()
' Send the packet.
If (SOCKET_ERROR = _socket.SendTo(_packet.Serialize(), _packet.Size(), 0, _server)) Then
Return PING_ERROR
End If
' Use the following loop to check the response time until you receive a time-out.
Do
' Poll the read buffer every millisecond.
' If data exists, read the data and return the round-trip time.
If (_socket.Poll(1000, SelectMode.SelectRead)) Then
_socket.ReceiveFrom(_recvBuffer, RECV_SIZE, 0, _local)
Return (timeOutMilliSeconds - (timeOut - Environment.TickCount()))
ElseIf (Environment.TickCount() >= timeOut) Then
Return PING_ERROR
End If
Loop While (True)
End Function
#End Region
End Class
#Region "MEMBER METHODS"
<StructLayout(LayoutKind.Explicit)> _
Structure UNION_INT16
<FieldOffset(0)> Dim lsb As Byte ' Least significant byte
<FieldOffset(1)> Dim msb As Byte ' Most significant byte
<FieldOffset(0)> Dim w16 As Short
End Structure
<StructLayout(LayoutKind.Explicit)> _
Structure UNION_INT32
<FieldOffset(0)> Dim lsw As UNION_INT16 ' Most significant word
<FieldOffset(2)> Dim msw As UNION_INT16 ' Least significant word
<FieldOffset(0)> Dim w32 As Integer
End Structure
' The Calculate method calculates the checksum value.
Public Function Calculate(ByRef buffer() As UInt16, ByVal size As Int32) As UInt16
Dim counter As Int32 = 0
Dim cksum32 As UNION_INT32
Do While (size > 0)
cksum32.w32 += Convert.ToInt32(buffer(counter))
counter += 1
size -= 1
Loop
cksum32.w32 = cksum32.msw.w16 + cksum32.lsw.w16 + cksum32.msw.w16
Return Convert.ToUInt16(cksum32.lsw.w16 Xor &HFFFF)
End Function
#End Region
下列程式碼實作使用者介面。這個程式碼判斷空，主機名稱或 IP 位址的使用者型別是否，然後系統會通知使用者在指定的格式中輸入主機名稱或 IP 位址。 在使用者鍵入主機名稱或 IP 位址之後應用程式建立連至對應的 IP 位址 (如果這個位址是相同的網路中) 的通訊端連線，然後應用程式就是傳送資料封包使用 ICMP。應用程式然後會計算傳送與接收資料] 封包 (以毫秒為單位) 所花的時間，應用程式然後顯示這個值。如果主機名稱或 IP 位址不在相同的網路，或如果使用者輸入了不正確的 IP 位址或不正確的主機名稱，應用程式會顯示一則訊息
Sub Main()
Dim Packet As New ICMP_Packet.CPing()
Dim retValue
Console.WriteLine("Enter the IP address or the host name to ping: ")
' Accept a host name or an IP address.
Packet.HostName = Trim(Console.ReadLine())
' Determine whether the user has typed only spaces instead of a host name or an IP address.
If Packet.HostName = "" Then
Console.WriteLine("Please enter an IP address (in the N.N.N.N format) or a host name")
Else
' Determine whether you can establish a socket connection to the IP address.
If Packet.Open Then
' Establish a socket connection, and then send a packet using ICMP.
retValue = Packet.Ping
If retValue <> -1 Then
' Display the response time in milliseconds.
Console.WriteLine("Approximate response time : " & retValue)
Else
Console.WriteLine("Host Unreachable")
End If
Else
Console.WriteLine("No host found")
End If
Packet.Close()
End If
Console.WriteLine("Press ENTER to quit.")
Console.ReadLine()
End Sub
Imports System.Net.Sockets
Imports System.Net
Imports System
Imports System.Runtime.InteropServices
Namespace ICMP_Packet
' Define the structure of an ICMP packet.
' This structure contains packet information.
Structure IcmpPacket
#Region "PUBLIC MEMBER VARIABLES"
Dim type_message As Byte ' type of message
Dim subCode_type As Byte ' type of sub-code
Dim complement_checkSum As UInt16 ' one's complement checksum for the structure
Dim identifier As UInt16 ' identifier
Dim sequenceNumber As UInt16 ' sequence number
Dim data() As Byte ' data
#End Region
#Region "PUBLIC MEMBER METHODS"
Public Sub Initialize(ByVal type As Byte, ByVal subCode As Byte, ByVal payload() As Byte)
Dim index As Integer
Dim buffer_icmpPacket() As Byte
Dim cksumBuffer() As UInt16
Dim icmpHeaderBufferIndex As Int32 = 0
Me.type_message = type
Me.subCode_type = subCode
complement_checkSum = UInt16.Parse("0")
identifier = UInt16.Parse("45")
sequenceNumber = UInt16.Parse("0")
Data = payload
' Declare a variable to store the total packet size.
' Call the Serialize method to count the total number of bytes in the packet.
buffer_icmpPacket = Serialize()
' Resize a UInt16 array to half the size of the packet.
ReDim cksumBuffer((buffer_icmpPacket.Length() \ 2) - 1)
' Initialize the UInt16 array.
For index = 0 To (cksumBuffer.Length() - 1)
cksumBuffer(index) = BitConverter.ToUInt16(buffer_icmpPacket, icmpHeaderBufferIndex)
icmpHeaderBufferIndex += 2
Next index
'Call a method that returns a checksum.
complement_checkSum = MCheckSum.Calculate(cksumBuffer, cksumBuffer.Length())
End Sub
Public Function Size() As Integer
Return (8 + Data.Length())
End Function
' The Serialize method converts the packet to a byte array to calculate the total size.
Public Function Serialize() As Byte()
Dim b_seq() As Byte = BitConverter.GetBytes(sequenceNumber)
Dim b_cksum() As Byte = BitConverter.GetBytes(complement_checkSum)
Dim b_id() As Byte = BitConverter.GetBytes(identifier)
Dim index As Int32 = 0
Dim buffer() As Byte
ReDim buffer(Size() - 1)
' Serialize the structure into the array.
buffer(0) = type_message
buffer(1) = subCode_type
index += 2
Array.Copy(b_cksum, 0, buffer, index, 2)
index += 2
Array.Copy(b_id, 0, buffer, index, 2)
index += 2
Array.Copy(b_seq, 0, buffer, index, 2)
index += 2
' Copy the data.
If (Data.Length() > 0) Then
Array.Copy(Data, 0, buffer, index, Data.Length())
End If
Return buffer
End Function
#End Region
End Structure
' The CPing class.
Public Class CPing
#Region "MEMBER CONSTANTS"
Private Const DEFAULT_TIMEOUT As Integer = 1000
Private Const SOCKET_ERROR As Integer = -1
Private Const PING_ERROR As Integer = -1
Private Const ICMP_ECHO As Integer = 8
Private Const DATA_SIZE As Integer = 32
Private Const RECV_SIZE As Integer = 128
#End Region
#Region "MEMBER VARIABLES"
Private _open As Boolean = False
Private _initialized As Boolean
Private _recvBuffer() As Byte
Private _packet As IcmpPacket
Private _hostName As String
Private _server As EndPoint
Private _local As EndPoint
Private _socket As Socket
#End Region
#Region "CONSTRUCTORS & FINALIZER"
Public Sub New(ByVal hostName As String)
Me.HostName() = hostName
ReDim _recvBuffer(RECV_SIZE - 1)
End Sub
Public Sub New()
' Set the default host name to the local host.
Me.HostName() = Dns.GetHostName()
ReDim _recvBuffer(RECV_SIZE - 1)
End Sub
Private Overloads Sub finalize()
' Ensure that you close the socket.
Me.Close()
Erase _recvBuffer
End Sub
#End Region
#Region "MEMBER METHODS"
' Get and set the current host name.
Public Property HostName() As String
Get
Return _hostName
End Get
Set(ByVal Value As String)
_hostName = Value
' If the CPing object is already open, close it and then reopen it by using a new host name.
If (_open) Then
Me.Close()
Me.Open()
End If
End Set
End Property
' Get the state (open or closed).
Public ReadOnly Property IsOpen() As Boolean
Get
Return _open
End Get
End Property
' Create a socket to host remote end points and local end points.
Public Function Open() As Boolean
Dim payload() As Byte
If (Not _open) Then
Try
' Initialize the packet.
ReDim payload(DATA_SIZE)
_packet.Initialize(ICMP_ECHO, 0, payload)
' Initialize an ICMP socket.
_socket = New Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Raw, ProtocolType.Icmp)
' Set the server end point.
_server = New IPEndPoint(Dns.GetHostByName(_hostName).AddressList(0), 0)
' Set the receiving end point as your client computer.
_local = New IPEndPoint(Dns.GetHostByName(Dns.GetHostName()).AddressList(0), 0)
_open = True
Catch
Return False
End Try
End If
Return True
End Function
' Destroy the socket and end points (if necessary).
Public Function Close() As Boolean
If (_open) Then
_socket.Close()
_socket = Nothing
_server = Nothing
_local = Nothing
_open = False
End If
Return True
End Function
' Perform a PING operation.
Public Overloads Function Ping() As Integer
Return Ping(DEFAULT_TIMEOUT)
End Function
' The Ping method performs a PING operation.
Public Overloads Function Ping(ByVal timeOutMilliSeconds As Integer) As Integer
' Initialize the time-out value.
Dim timeOut As Integer = timeOutMilliSeconds + Environment.TickCount()
' Send the packet.
If (SOCKET_ERROR = _socket.SendTo(_packet.Serialize(), _packet.Size(), 0, _server)) Then
Return PING_ERROR
End If
' Use the following loop to check the response time until you receive a time-out.
Do
' Poll the read buffer every millisecond.
' If data exists, read the data and return the round-trip time.
If (_socket.Poll(1000, SelectMode.SelectRead)) Then
_socket.ReceiveFrom(_recvBuffer, RECV_SIZE, 0, _local)
Return (timeOutMilliSeconds - (timeOut - Environment.TickCount()))
ElseIf (Environment.TickCount() >= timeOut) Then
Return PING_ERROR
End If
Loop While (True)
End Function
#End Region
End Class
' The MCheckSum module contains the static Calculate method.
Module MCheckSum
#Region "MEMBER METHODS"
<StructLayout(LayoutKind.Explicit)> _
Structure UNION_INT16
<FieldOffset(0)> Dim lsb As Byte ' Least significant byte
<FieldOffset(1)> Dim msb As Byte ' Most significant byte
<FieldOffset(0)> Dim w16 As Short
End Structure
<StructLayout(LayoutKind.Explicit)> _
Structure UNION_INT32
<FieldOffset(0)> Dim lsw As UNION_INT16 ' Most significant word
<FieldOffset(2)> Dim msw As UNION_INT16 ' Least significant word
<FieldOffset(0)> Dim w32 As Integer
End Structure
' The Calculate method calculates the checksum value.
Public Function Calculate(ByRef buffer() As UInt16, ByVal size As Int32) As UInt16
Dim counter As Int32 = 0
Dim cksum32 As UNION_INT32
Do While (size > 0)
cksum32.w32 += Convert.ToInt32(buffer(counter))
counter += 1
size -= 1
Loop
cksum32.w32 = cksum32.msw.w16 + cksum32.lsw.w16 + cksum32.msw.w16
Return Convert.ToUInt16(cksum32.lsw.w16 Xor &HFFFF)
End Function
#End Region
Sub Main()
Dim Packet As New ICMP_Packet.CPing()
Dim retValue
Console.WriteLine("Enter the IP address or the host name to ping: ")
' Accept a host name or an IP address.
Packet.HostName = Trim(Console.ReadLine())
' Determine whether the user has typed only spaces instead of a host name or an IP address.
If Packet.HostName = "" Then
Console.WriteLine("Please enter an IP address (in the N.N.N.N format) or a host name")
Else
' Determine whether you can establish a socket connection to the IP address.
If Packet.Open Then
' Establish a socket connection, and then send a packet by using ICMP.
retValue = Packet.Ping
If retValue <> -1 Then
' Display the response time in milliseconds.
Console.WriteLine("Approximate response time : " & retValue)
Else
Console.WriteLine("Host Unreachable")
End If
Else
Console.WriteLine("No host found")
End If
Packet.Close()
End If
Console.WriteLine("Press ENTER to quit.")
Console.ReadLine()
End Sub
End Module
End Namespace
在 [方案總管] 中按一下 [MyConsoleApplication 專案]。
按一下 [專案] 功能表 內容]。
中 MyConsoleApplication 屬性頁 對話方塊選取 Sub Main，從 啟動物件 下拉式清單方塊，然後再按一下 [確定]。
重要：本文是以 Microsoft 機器翻譯軟體翻譯而成，而非使用人工翻譯而成。Microsoft 同時提供使用者人工翻譯及機器翻譯兩個版本的文章，讓使用者可以依其使用語言使用知識庫中的所有文章。但是，機器翻譯的文章可能不盡完美。這些文章中也可能出現拼字、語意或文法上的錯誤，就像外國人在使用本國語言時可能發生的錯誤。Microsoft 不為內容的翻譯錯誤或客戶對該內容的使用所產生的任何錯誤或損害負責。Microsoft也同時將不斷地就機器翻譯軟體進行更新。
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