You receive an error message when you use Excel Web Access to refresh the data connections for an Excel 2007 workbook

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SYMPTOMS

You use Excel Web Access to view a Microsoft Office Excel 2007 workbook. When you refresh the data connections for the workbook, you receive the following error message:

Data Refresh Failed
Unable to retrieve external data for the following connections:
<data connection name>
The data sources may be unreachable, may not be responding, or may have denied you access.
Verify that data refresh is enabled for the trusted file location and that the workbook data authentication is correctly set.

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CAUSE

This behavior occurs if the following conditions are true:

The Excel Services Authentication settings for the workbook are set to either Single sign-on (SSO) or None.
You use Microsoft SQL Server 2005 to restore the SharePoint Server 2007 Shared Service Provider (SSP) and Search databases.
Note This regenerates the encryption key for the Unattended Service Account credentials.

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WORKAROUND

To work around this behavior, reenter the Unattended Service Account information after you restore the SSP and Search databases. To do this, follow these steps:

Visit http://host_name:port_number/ssp/admin/default.aspx.

Note In this URL, host_name:port_number is the name and port of the Shared Service Provider Web server in the SharePoint Server 2007 deployment.
In the Excel Services Settings section, click Edit Excel Services Settings.
In the External Data section, type a valid account name in the Name box, type the password for the account in the Password box, and then retype the password in the Retype Password box.
Click OK.