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How to use the replace Standard Template Library (STL) function in Visual C++

Article ID:156741
Last Review:July 13, 2005
Revision:4.0
This article was previously published under Q156741
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SUMMARY

The sample code below illustrates how to use the remove STL function in Visual C++.

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MORE INFORMATION

Required header

   <algorithm>
				

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Prototype

   template<class ForwardIterator, class Type> inline
   void remove(ForwardIterator first,

               ForwardIterator last,
               const T& old_value,
               const T& new_value)
				
Note The class/parameter names in the prototype do not match the version in the header file. Some have been modified to improve readability.

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Description

The replace algorithm replaces all elements that match old_value from the range [first, last) with new_value.

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Sample code

Note In the first line of the sample code section, /GX is equivalent to /EHsc in VC++ .NET and is set by default.
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// 
// 
// Compile options needed: /GX
// 
// replace.cpp : Illustrates how to use the replace function.
// 
// Functions:
// 
//    replace - Replace all elements from the sequence that match value
//              with another value.
// 
// Written by Kalindi Sanghrajka
// of Microsoft Product Support Services,
// Software Core Developer Support.
// Copyright (c) 1996 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// 

// disable warning C4786: symbol greater than 255 character,
// okay to ignore

#pragma warning(disable: 4786)

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#include <functional>

#if _MSC_VER > 1020   // if VC++ version is > 4.2
   using namespace std;  // std c++ libs implemented in std
   #endif

void main()

{

    const int VECTOR_SIZE = 8 ;

    // Define a template class vector of integers
    typedef vector<int, allocator<int> > IntVector ;

    //Define an iterator for template class vector of integer
    typedef IntVector::iterator IntVectorIt ;

    IntVector Numbers(VECTOR_SIZE) ;   //vector containing numbers

    IntVectorIt start, end, it ;

    start = Numbers.begin() ;   // location of first
                                // element of Numbers

    end = Numbers.end() ;       // one past the location
                                // last element of Numbers

    //Initialize vector Numbers
    Numbers[0] = 10 ;
    Numbers[1] = 20 ;
    Numbers[2] = 10 ;
    Numbers[3] = 15 ;
    Numbers[4] = 12 ;
    Numbers[5] = 7 ;
    Numbers[6] = 9 ;
    Numbers[7] = 10 ;

    cout << "Before calling replace" << endl ;

    // print content of Numbers
    cout << "Numbers { " ;
    for(it = start; it != end; it++)
        cout << *it << " " ;
    cout << " }\n" << endl ;

    // remove all elements from Numbers that match 10
     replace(start, end, 10, 35) ;

    cout << "After calling replace, to replace all 10's with 35" << endl ;

    // print content of Numbers
    cout << "Numbers { " ;
    for(it = start; it != end; it++)
        cout << *it << " " ;
    cout << " }\n" << endl ;

}
				
Program Output is:
Before calling replace
Numbers { 10 20 10 15 12 7 9 10  }

After calling replace, to replace all 10's with 35
Numbers { 35 20 35 15 12 7 9 35  }
				

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REFERENCES

For more information about the replace algorithm, visit the following Microsoft Developer Network (MSDN) Web site:
http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/en-us/vclang98/html/sample_replace_(STL_Sample).asp?frame=true (http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/en-us/vclang98/html/sample_replace_(STL_Sample).asp?frame=true)

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APPLIES TO
The Standard C++ Library, when used with:
  Microsoft Visual C++ 4.2 Enterprise Edition
  Microsoft Visual C++ 5.0 Enterprise Edition
  Microsoft Visual C++ 6.0 Enterprise Edition
  Microsoft Visual C++ 4.2 Professional Edition
  Microsoft Visual C++ 5.0 Professional Edition
  Microsoft Visual C++ 6.0 Professional Edition
  Microsoft Visual C++ 6.0 Standard Edition
  Microsoft Visual C++ .NET 2003 Standard Edition
  Microsoft Visual C++ .NET 2002 Standard Edition

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Keywords: 
kbhowto kbinfo kbstl kbcode kbfunctions KB156741

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