Symptoms
Consider the following scenario:
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You have a Microsoft Exchange Server 2013 hybrid environment.
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You install Cumulative Update 6 on the on-premises Exchange Server 2013 server.
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You enable centralized mail transport in the hybrid deployment.
Note Centralized mail transport routes outgoing email messages from the Exchange Online mailboxes through your on-premises Exchange servers. For more information, see Transport routing in Exchange 2013 hybrid deployments. -
A user whose mailbox is located in Office 365 sends an email message to an external recipient.
In this scenario, the email message is not delivered successfully, and the user receives a non-delivery report (NDR) that contains the following error message:
550 5.7.1 Unable to relay
Cause
This issue occurs because centralized mail transport does not work in Cumulative Update 6.
Resolution
To resolve this issue, install Cumulative Update 7 for Exchange Server 2013.
Status
Microsoft has confirmed that this is a problem in the Microsoft products that are listed in the "Applies to" section.