Using 3D Viewer Beta on HoloLens (1st gen)

3D Viewer Beta lets you view 3D models on HoloLens (1st gen). You can open and view supported .fbx files from Microsoft Edge, OneDrive, and other apps.

If you're having trouble opening a 3D model in 3D Viewer Beta, or certain features of your 3D model are unsupported, see Supported content specifications below.

To build or optimize 3D models for use with 3D Viewer Beta, see Optimizing 3D models for 3D Viewer Beta below.

There are two ways to open a 3D model on HoloLens. See Viewing FBX files on HoloLens below to learn more.

If you're having trouble after reading this article, see Troubleshooting below.

Supported content specifications

File format

• FBX format
• Maximum FBX release 2015.1.0

File size

• Minimum 5 KB
• Maximum 500 MB

Geometry

• Polygonal models only. No subdivision surfaces or NURBs
• Right-handed coordinate system
• Shear in transformation matrices isn't supported

Textures

• Texture maps must be embedded in the FBX file
• Supported image formats
  • JPEG and PNG images
  • BMP images (24-bit RGB true-color)
  • TGA images (24-bit RGB and 32-bit RGBQ true-color)
• Maximum texture resolution of 2048x2048
• Maximum of one diffuse map, one normal map, and one reflection cube map per mesh
• Alpha channel in diffuse textures causes pixels to be discarded if below 50%

Animation

• Scale/rotation/translation animation on individual objects
• Skeletal (rigged) animation with skinning
  • Maximum of four influences per vertex

Materials

• Lambert and Phong materials are supported, with adjustable parameters
• Supported material properties for Lambert
  • Main Texture (RGB + Alpha Test)
  • Diffuse Color (RGB)
  • Ambient Color (RGB)
• Supported material properties for Phong
  • Main Texture (RGB + Alpha Test)
  • Diffuse Color (RGB)
  • Ambient Color (RGB)
  • Specular Color (RGB)
  • Shininess
  • Reflectivity
• Custom materials aren't supported
• Maximum of one material per mesh
• Maximum of one material layer
• Maximum of eight materials per file

File and model limitations

There are hard limits on the size of files, and the number of models, vertices, and meshes that can be open simultaneously in 3D Viewer Beta:

• 500-MB maximum file size per model
• Vertices: 600,000 combined on all open models
• Meshes: 1,600 combined on all open models
• Maximum of 40 models open at one time

Optimizing 3D models for 3D Viewer Beta

Special considerations

• Avoid black materials or black areas in texture maps. Holograms are made of light, thus HoloLens renders black (the absence of light) as transparent.
• Before exporting to FBX from your creation tool, ensure all geometry is visible and unlocked and no layers that contain geometry are turned off or templated. Visibility isn't respected.
• Avoid massive translation offsets between nodes (for example, 100,000 units), which can cause the model to jitter while being moved/scaled/rotated.

Performance optimization

Keep performance in mind while authoring content and validate in the 3D Viewer Beta app on HoloLens during the authoring process for best results. 3D Viewer Beta renders content real-time and performance is subject to HoloLens hardware capabilities.

There are many variables in a 3D model that may reduce performance. 3D Viewer Beta will show a warning on load if there are more than 150,000 vertices or more than 400 meshes. Animations can have a reduction in performance of other open models. There are also hard limits on the total number models, vertices, and meshes that can be open simultaneously in 3D Viewer Beta (see File and model limitations).

If the 3D model isn't running as expected due to model complexity, consider:

• Reducing polygon count
• Reducing number of bones in rigged animation
• Avoiding self-occlusion

Double-sided rendering is supported in 3D Viewer Beta, although it's turned off by default for performance reasons. It can be turned on via the Double Sided button on the Details page. For best performance, avoid the need for double-sided rendering in your content.

Validating your 3D model

Validate your model by opening it in 3D Viewer Beta on HoloLens. Select the Details button to view your model's characteristics and warnings of unsupported content (if present).

Rendering 3D models with true-to-life dimensions

By default, 3D Viewer Beta displays 3D models at a comfortable size and position relative to the user. However, if rendering a 3D model with true-to-life measurements is important (for example, when evaluating furniture models in a room), the content creator can set a flag within the file's metadata to prevent resizing of that model by both the application and the user.

To prevent scaling of the model, add a Boolean custom attribute to any object in the scene named Microsoft_DisableScale and set it to true. 3D Viewer Beta will then respect the FbxSystemUnit information baked into the FBX file. Scale in 3D Viewer Beta is 1 meter per FBX unit.

Viewing FBX files on HoloLens

Open an FBX file from Microsoft Edge

FBX files can be opened directly from a website using Microsoft Edge on HoloLens.

1. In Microsoft Edge, navigate to the webpage containing the FBX file you want to view.
2. Select the file to download it.
3. When the download is complete, select the Open button in Microsoft Edge to open the file in 3D Viewer Beta.

The downloaded file can be accessed and opened again later by using Downloads in Microsoft Edge. To save a 3D model and ensure continued access, download the file on your PC and save it to your OneDrive account. The file can then be opened from the OneDrive app on HoloLens.

Open an FBX file from OneDrive

FBX files can be opened from OneDrive by using the OneDrive app on HoloLens. Be sure you've installed OneDrive using Microsoft Store app on HoloLens and that you've already uploaded the FBX file to OneDrive on your PC.

Once in OneDrive, FBX files can be opened on HoloLens using 3D Viewer Beta in one of two ways:

• Launch OneDrive on HoloLens and select the FBX file to open it in 3D Viewer Beta.
• Launch 3D Viewer Beta, air tap to show the toolbar, and select Open File. OneDrive will launch, allowing you to select an FBX file.

Troubleshooting

I see a warning when I open a 3D model

You'll see a warning if you attempt to open a 3D model that contains features that aren't supported by 3D Viewer Beta. You'll also see an error if the model is too complex and performance may be affected. 3D Viewer Beta will still load the 3D model, but performance or visual fidelity may be compromised.

For more info, see Supported content specifications and Optimizing 3D models for 3D Viewer Beta.

I see a warning and the 3D model doesn't load

You'll see an error message for the following reasons:

• When 3D Viewer Beta can't load a 3D model due to complexity or file size
• The FBX file is corrupt or invalid
• You've reached the limit on the total number of models, vertices, or meshes that can be open simultaneously

For more info, see Supported content specifications and File and model limitations.

My 3D model loads, but doesn't appear as expected

If your 3D model doesn't look as expected in 3D Viewer Beta, air tap to show the toolbar, then select Details. Aspects of the file, which aren't supported by 3D Viewer Beta will be highlighted as warnings.

The most common issue you might see is missing textures, likely because they aren't embedded in the FBX file. In this case, the model will appear white. This issue can be addressed in the creation process by exporting from your creation tool to FBX with the embed textures option selected.

For more info, see Supported content specifications and Optimizing 3D models for 3D Viewer Beta.

I experience performance drops while viewing my 3D model

Performance when loading and viewing a 3D model can be affected by the complexity of the model, number of models open simultaneously, or number of models with active animations.

For more info, see Optimizing 3D models for 3D Viewer Beta and File and model limitations.

When I open an FBX file on HoloLens, it doesn't open in 3D Viewer Beta

3D Viewer Beta is automatically associated with the .fbx file extension when it's installed.

If you try to open an .fbx file and see a dialog box that directs you to Microsoft Store, then you don't currently have an app associated with the .fbx file extension on HoloLens.

Verify that 3D Viewer Beta is installed. If it isn't installed, download it from Microsoft Store on HoloLens.

If 3D Viewer Beta is already installed, launch 3D Viewer Beta, then try opening the file again. If the issue persists, uninstall and reinstall 3D Viewer Beta. Reinstalling the app will once again associate the .fbx file extension with 3D Viewer Beta.

If attempting to open an FBX file opens an app other than 3D Viewer Beta, that app was likely installed after 3D Viewer Beta and has taken over association with the .fbx file extension. If you prefer 3D Viewer Beta to be associated with the .fbx file extension, uninstall and reinstall 3D Viewer Beta.

The Open File button in 3D Viewer Beta doesn't launch an app

The Open File button will open the app associated with the file picker function on HoloLens. If OneDrive is installed, the Open File button should launch OneDrive. However, if there's currently no app associated with the file picker function installed on HoloLens, you'll be directed to Microsoft Store.

If the Open File button launches an app other than OneDrive, that app was likely installed after OneDrive and has taken over association with the file picker function. If you prefer OneDrive to launch when selecting the Open File button in 3D Viewer Beta, uninstall and reinstall OneDrive.

If the Open File button isn't active, it's possible that you've reached the limit of models that can be open in 3D Viewer Beta at one time. If you have 40 models open in 3D Viewer Beta, you'll need to close some before you'll be able to open more models.

More resources

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