Symptoms
If you connect to SQL Server 2017 by using Integrated Authentication, then TCP Timeout or login time-out error may occur. After you apply Cumulative Update 13, Active Directory lookup for SID will switch to pre-emptive mode and avoid non-yield errors during login process.
Status
Microsoft has confirmed that this is a problem in the Microsoft products that are listed in the "Applies to" section.
Resolution
The issue is fixed in the following cumulative update for SQL Server:
About cumulative updates for SQL Server:
Each new cumulative update for SQL Server contains all the hotfixes and all the security fixes that were included with the previous cumulative update. Check out the latest cumulative updates for SQL Server:
References
Learn about the terminology that Microsoft uses to describe software updates.