Symptoms
In a SQL Server Always On environment, you start a large transaction on the primary replica. If a new page is allocated by a page split in the transaction, a PAGE IX lock migrates to this new page on the secondary replica. In this situation, a conflict with a PAGE X lock occurs, and a deadlock condition causes a deferred transaction in the secondary replica.
Resolution
This issue is fixed in the following cumulative update for SQL Server:Cumulative Update 5 for SQL Server 2016 RTM Cumulative Update 2 for SQL Server 2016 SP1
Each new cumulative update for SQL Server contains all the hotfixes and all the security fixes that were included with the previous cumulative update. Check out the latest cumulative updates for SQL Server:Latest cumulative update for SQL Server 2016
Status
Microsoft has confirmed that this is a problem in the Microsoft products that are listed in the "Applies to" section.
References
Learn about the terminology that Microsoft uses to describe software updates.