Updated: July 2017
Email:
You can sync your Gmail account with Outlook for Mac but you first need to add the account to Outlook. See Add an email account to Outlook for instructions.
Contacts and Calendars:
This feature is available for users on M365 Subscription.
On build number 16.15.18070902 and higher you can sync contacts and calendar with Outlook for Mac but first you need to add the account to Outlook. See Add an email account to Outlook for instructions.