MS11-025: Penjelasan mengenai pembaruan keamanan untuk Visual C++ 2008 SP1 Redistributable Package: 14 Juni 2011

ID Artikel: 2538243 - Melihat produk di mana artikel ini berlaku.
Perbesar semua | Perkecil semua

Pada Halaman ini

PENDAHULUAN

Microsoft telah meluncurkan buletin keamanan MS11-025. Untuk melihat buletin keamanan yang lengkap, kunjungi salah satu Website Microsoft berikut:

Cara mendapatkan bantuan dan dukungan untuk pembaruan keamanan

Untuk pengguna rumahan, tidak ada biaya dukungan tersedia dengan panggilan 1-866-PCSAFETY di Amerika Serikat dan Kanada atau dengan menghubungi anak perusahaan Microsoft lokal Anda. Untuk informasi lebih lanjut tentang cara menghubungi anak perusahaan Microsoft lokal Anda masalah dukungan pembaruan keamanan, kunjungi website dukungan internasional Microsoft:
http://support.microsoft.com/common/international.aspx?rdpath=4
Pelanggan Amerika Utara juga dapat memperoleh akses instan dukungan email tidak ada biaya tak terbatas atau tak terbatas chat individu dukungan dengan mengunjungi website Microsoft berikut:
http://support.Microsoft.com/OAS/default.aspx?&prid=7552
Untuk pelanggan perusahaan, dukungan untuk pembaruan keamanan tersedia melalui kontak dukungan biasa.

INFORMASI LEBIH LANJUT

Informasi penggantian

Pembaruan keamanan ini menggantikan pembaruan keamanan berikut:
2467174 MS11-025: Penjelasan mengenai pembaruan keamanan untuk Visual C++ 2008 SP1 Redistributable Package: 12 April 2011

INFORMASI FILE

Versi bahasa Inggris (Amerika Serikat) dari pembaruan perangkat lunak ini akan menginstal file yang memiliki atribut yang didaftar di dalam tabel berikut. Tanggal dan waktu untuk berkas-berkas tersebut dicantumkan dalam Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). Tanggal dan waktu untuk berkas-berkas tersebut di komputer lokal Anda ditampilkan dalam waktu lokal dengan selisih waktu daylight saving (DST) saat ini. Selain itu, tanggal dan waktu dapat berubah ketika Anda melakukan operasi tertentu pada file.

Untuk semua didukung x 86 berbasis versi Microsoft Visual C++ 2008 SP1 Redistributable Package

Perkecil tabel iniPerbesar tabel ini
Nama fileFileSizeVersi
msdia90.dll6700329.0.30729.6161
globdata.ini1110
install.ini841
EULA.2052.txt3872
EULA.1028.txt3872
EULA.1031.txt15460
EULA.1033.txt10042
EULA.3082.txt12968
EULA.1036.txt12278
EULA.1040.txt13944
EULA.1041.txt5786
EULA.1042.txt5990
EULA.1049.txt13992
install.exe5604649.0.30729.5677
VC_RED.MSI0
vcredist.bmp5686
VC_RED.Cab0
install.res.2052.dll725449.0.30729.5677
install.res.1028.dll730569.0.30729.5677
install.res.1031.dll930249.0.30729.5677
install.res.1033.dll879049.0.30729.5677
install.res.3082.dll930249.0.30729.5677
install.res.1036.dll940489.0.30729.5677
install.res.1040.dll920009.0.30729.5677
install.res.1041.dll781769.0.30729.5677
install.res.1042.dll766409.0.30729.5677
install.res.1049.dll899529.0.30729.5677
atl90.dll1590489.0.30729.6161
x86_Microsoft.VC90.ATL_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.30729.6161_x-ww_92453bb7.cat7318
x86_Microsoft.VC90.CRT_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.30729.6161_x-ww_31a54e43.cat7318
x86_Microsoft.VC90.MFCLOC_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.30729.6161_x-ww_730c3508.cat7331
x86_Microsoft.VC90.MFC_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.30729.6161_x-ww_028bc148.cat7318
x86_Microsoft.VC90.OpenMP_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.30729.6161_x-ww_4ddc769f.cat7331
9.0.30729.6161.cat7367
9.0.30729.6161.cat7367
9.0.30729.6161.cat7379
9.0.30729.6161.cat7367
9.0.30729.6161.cat7379
x86_Microsoft.VC90.ATL_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.30729.6161_x-ww_92453bb7.manifest856
x86_Microsoft.VC90.CRT_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.30729.6161_x-ww_31a54e43.manifest1860
x86_Microsoft.VC90.MFCLOC_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.30729.6161_x-ww_730c3508.manifest5882
x86_Microsoft.VC90.MFC_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.30729.6161_x-ww_028bc148.manifestdinyatakan
x86_Microsoft.VC90.OpenMP_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.30729.6161_x-ww_4ddc769f.manifest861
mfc90.dll37666009.0.30729.6161
mfc90chs.dll356649.0.30729.6161
mfc90cht.dll366889.0.30729.6161
mfc90deu.dll633129.0.30729.6161
mfc90enu.dll535849.0.30729.6161
mfc90esn.dll617769.0.30729.6161
mfc90esp.dll617769.0.30729.6161
mfc90fra.dll628009.0.30729.6161
mfc90ita.dll612649.0.30729.6161
mfc90jpn.dll433449.0.30729.6161
mfc90kor.dll428329.0.30729.6161
mfc90rus.dll597289.0.30729.6161
mfc90u.dll37819609.0.30729.6161
mfcm90.dll599049.0.30729.6161
mfcm90u.dll599049.0.30729.6161
msvcm90.dll2252809.0.30729.6161
msvcp90.dll5696809.0.30729.6161
msvcr90.dll6531369.0.30729.6161
atl90.dll1590489.0.30729.6161
mfc90.dll37666009.0.30729.6161
mfc90chs.dll356649.0.30729.6161
mfc90cht.dll366889.0.30729.6161
mfc90deu.dll633129.0.30729.6161
mfc90enu.dll535849.0.30729.6161
mfc90esn.dll617769.0.30729.6161
mfc90esp.dll617769.0.30729.6161
mfc90fra.dll628009.0.30729.6161
mfc90ita.dll612649.0.30729.6161
mfc90jpn.dll433449.0.30729.6161
mfc90kor.dll428329.0.30729.6161
mfc90rus.dll597289.0.30729.6161
mfc90u.dll37819609.0.30729.6161
mfcm90.dll599049.0.30729.6161
mfcm90u.dll599049.0.30729.6161
msvcm90.dll2252809.0.30729.6161
msvcp90.dll5696809.0.30729.6161
msvcr90.dll6531369.0.30729.6161
vcomp90.dll510249.0.30729.6161
9.0.30729.6161.Policy764
9.0.30729.6161.Policy764
9.0.30729.6161.Policy770
9.0.30729.6161.Policy764
9.0.30729.6161.Policy770
atl90.dll1590489.0.30729.6161
x86_Microsoft.VC90.ATL_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.30729.6161_x-ww_92453bb7.cat7318
x86_Microsoft.VC90.CRT_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.30729.6161_x-ww_31a54e43.cat7318
x86_Microsoft.VC90.MFCLOC_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.30729.6161_x-ww_730c3508.cat7331
x86_Microsoft.VC90.MFC_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.30729.6161_x-ww_028bc148.cat7318
x86_Microsoft.VC90.OpenMP_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.30729.6161_x-ww_4ddc769f.cat7331
9.0.30729.6161.cat7367
9.0.30729.6161.cat7367
9.0.30729.6161.cat7379
9.0.30729.6161.cat7367
9.0.30729.6161.cat7379
x86_Microsoft.VC90.ATL_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.30729.6161_x-ww_92453bb7.manifest856
x86_Microsoft.VC90.CRT_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.30729.6161_x-ww_31a54e43.manifest1860
x86_Microsoft.VC90.MFCLOC_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.30729.6161_x-ww_730c3508.manifest5882
x86_Microsoft.VC90.MFC_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.30729.6161_x-ww_028bc148.manifestdinyatakan
x86_Microsoft.VC90.OpenMP_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.30729.6161_x-ww_4ddc769f.manifest861
mfc90.dll37666009.0.30729.6161
mfc90chs.dll356649.0.30729.6161
mfc90cht.dll366889.0.30729.6161
mfc90deu.dll633129.0.30729.6161
mfc90enu.dll535849.0.30729.6161
mfc90esn.dll617769.0.30729.6161
mfc90esp.dll617769.0.30729.6161
mfc90fra.dll628009.0.30729.6161
mfc90ita.dll612649.0.30729.6161
mfc90jpn.dll433449.0.30729.6161
mfc90kor.dll428329.0.30729.6161
mfc90rus.dll597289.0.30729.6161
mfc90u.dll37819609.0.30729.6161
mfcm90.dll599049.0.30729.6161
mfcm90u.dll599049.0.30729.6161
msvcm90.dll2252809.0.30729.6161
msvcp90.dll5696809.0.30729.6161
msvcr90.dll6531369.0.30729.6161
9.0.30729.6161.Policy764
9.0.30729.6161.Policy764
9.0.30729.6161.Policy770
9.0.30729.6161.Policy764
9.0.30729.6161.Policy770
vcomp90.dll510249.0.30729.6161
vcomp90.dll510249.0.30729.6161

Untuk semua didukung versi berbasis Microsoft Visual C++ 2008 SP1 Redistributable Package x

Perkecil tabel iniPerbesar tabel ini
Nama fileFileSizeVersi
msdia90.dll8553769.0.30729.6161
globdata.ini1110
install.ini841
EULA.2052.txt3872
EULA.1028.txt3872
EULA.1031.txt15460
EULA.1033.txt10042
EULA.3082.txt12968
EULA.1036.txt12278
EULA.1040.txt13944
EULA.1041.txt5786
EULA.1042.txt5990
EULA.1049.txt13992
install.exe8543529.0.30729.5677
VC_RED.MSI0
vcredist.bmp5686
VC_RED.Cab0
install.res.2052.dll715209.0.30729.5677
install.res.1028.dll720329.0.30729.5677
install.res.1031.dll920009.0.30729.5677
install.res.1033.dll868809.0.30729.5677
install.res.3082.dll920009.0.30729.5677
install.res.1036.dll930249.0.30729.5677
install.res.1040.dll909769.0.30729.5677
install.res.1041.dll771529.0.30729.5677
install.res.1042.dll756169.0.30729.5677
install.res.1049.dll889289.0.30729.5677
atl90.dll1764569.0.30729.6161
amd64_Microsoft.VC90.ATL_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.30729.6161_x-ww_c44f2197.cat7318
amd64_Microsoft.VC90.CRT_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.30729.6161_x-ww_63af3423.cat7318
amd64_Microsoft.VC90.MFCLOC_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.30729.6161_x-ww_a5161ae8.cat7331
amd64_Microsoft.VC90.MFC_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.30729.6161_x-ww_3495a728.cat7318
amd64_Microsoft.VC90.OpenMP_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.30729.6161_x-ww_7fe65c7f.cat7331
9.0.30729.6161.cat7367
9.0.30729.6161.cat7367
9.0.30729.6161.cat7379
9.0.30729.6161.cat7367
9.0.30729.6161.cat7379
amd64_Microsoft.VC90.ATL_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.30729.6161_x-ww_c44f2197.manifest858
amd64_Microsoft.VC90.CRT_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.30729.6161_x-ww_63af3423.manifest1862
amd64_Microsoft.VC90.MFCLOC_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.30729.6161_x-ww_a5161ae8.manifest5884
amd64_Microsoft.VC90.MFC_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.30729.6161_x-ww_3495a728.manifest2359
amd64_Microsoft.VC90.OpenMP_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.30729.6161_x-ww_7fe65c7f.manifest863
mfc90.dll50865369.0.30729.6161
mfc90chs.dll356649.0.30729.6161
mfc90cht.dll366889.0.30729.6161
mfc90deu.dll633129.0.30729.6161
mfc90enu.dll535849.0.30729.6161
mfc90esn.dll617769.0.30729.6161
mfc90esp.dll617769.0.30729.6161
mfc90fra.dll628009.0.30729.6161
mfc90ita.dll612649.0.30729.6161
mfc90jpn.dll433449.0.30729.6161
mfc90kor.dll428329.0.30729.6161
mfc90rus.dll597289.0.30729.6161
mfc90u.dll51049689.0.30729.6161
mfcm90.dll670729.0.30729.6161
mfcm90u.dll670729.0.30729.6161
msvcm90.dll2457609.0.30729.6161
msvcp90.dll8533289.0.30729.6161
msvcr90.dll6413609.0.30729.6161
9.0.30729.6161.Policy768
9.0.30729.6161.Policy768
9.0.30729.6161.Policy774
9.0.30729.6161.Policy768
9.0.30729.6161.Policy774
atl90.dll1764569.0.30729.6161
amd64_Microsoft.VC90.ATL_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.30729.6161_x-ww_c44f2197.cat7318
amd64_Microsoft.VC90.CRT_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.30729.6161_x-ww_63af3423.cat7318
amd64_Microsoft.VC90.MFCLOC_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.30729.6161_x-ww_a5161ae8.cat7331
amd64_Microsoft.VC90.MFC_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.30729.6161_x-ww_3495a728.cat7318
amd64_Microsoft.VC90.OpenMP_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.30729.6161_x-ww_7fe65c7f.cat7331
9.0.30729.6161.cat7367
9.0.30729.6161.cat7367
9.0.30729.6161.cat7379
9.0.30729.6161.cat7367
9.0.30729.6161.cat7379
amd64_Microsoft.VC90.ATL_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.30729.6161_x-ww_c44f2197.manifest858
amd64_Microsoft.VC90.CRT_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.30729.6161_x-ww_63af3423.manifest1862
amd64_Microsoft.VC90.MFCLOC_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.30729.6161_x-ww_a5161ae8.manifest5884
amd64_Microsoft.VC90.MFC_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.30729.6161_x-ww_3495a728.manifest2359
amd64_Microsoft.VC90.OpenMP_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.30729.6161_x-ww_7fe65c7f.manifest863
mfc90.dll50865369.0.30729.6161
mfc90chs.dll356649.0.30729.6161
mfc90cht.dll366889.0.30729.6161
mfc90deu.dll633129.0.30729.6161
mfc90enu.dll535849.0.30729.6161
mfc90esn.dll617769.0.30729.6161
mfc90esp.dll617769.0.30729.6161
mfc90fra.dll628009.0.30729.6161
mfc90ita.dll612649.0.30729.6161
mfc90jpn.dll433449.0.30729.6161
mfc90kor.dll428329.0.30729.6161
mfc90rus.dll597289.0.30729.6161
mfc90u.dll51049689.0.30729.6161
mfcm90.dll670729.0.30729.6161
mfcm90u.dll670729.0.30729.6161
msvcm90.dll2457609.0.30729.6161
msvcp90.dll8533289.0.30729.6161
msvcr90.dll6413609.0.30729.6161
9.0.30729.6161.Policy768
9.0.30729.6161.Policy768
9.0.30729.6161.Policy774
9.0.30729.6161.Policy768
9.0.30729.6161.Policy774
vcomp90.dll566569.0.30729.6161
vcomp90.dll566569.0.30729.6161

Untuk semua didukung IA-64 berbasis versi Microsoft Visual C++ 2008 SP1 Redistributable Package

Perkecil tabel iniPerbesar tabel ini
Nama fileFileSizeVersi
msdia90.dll21466409.0.30729.6161
globdata.ini1110
install.ini841
EULA.2052.txt3872
EULA.1028.txt3872
EULA.1031.txt15460
EULA.1033.txt10042
EULA.3082.txt12968
EULA.1036.txt12278
EULA.1040.txt13944
EULA.1041.txt5786
EULA.1042.txt5990
EULA.1049.txt13992
install.exe16300329.0.30729.5677
VC_RED.MSI0
vcredist.bmp5686
VC_RED.Cab0
install.res.2052.dll1232329.0.30729.5677
install.res.1028.dll1237449.0.30729.5677
install.res.1031.dll1437129.0.30729.5677
install.res.1033.dll1385929.0.30729.5677
install.res.3082.dll1437129.0.30729.5677
install.res.1036.dll1447369.0.30729.5677
install.res.1040.dll1426889.0.30729.5677
install.res.1041.dll1288649.0.30729.5677
install.res.1042.dll1273289.0.30729.5677
install.res.1049.dll1406409.0.30729.5677
atl90.dll4160729.0.30729.6161
ia64_Microsoft.VC90.MFCLOC_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.21022.8_x-ww_414ed0da.cat10749
ia64_Microsoft.VC90.MFC_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.21022.8_x-ww_d0ce5d1a.cat10736
9.0.21022.8.cat10797
9.0.21022.8.cat10785
ia64_Microsoft.VC90.ATL_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.30729.6161_x-ww_c1a02257.cat7318
ia64_Microsoft.VC90.CRT_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.30729.6161_x-ww_610034e3.cat7318
ia64_Microsoft.VC90.OpenMP_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.30729.6161_x-ww_7d375d3f.cat7331
9.0.30729.6161.cat7367
9.0.30729.6161.cat7367
9.0.30729.6161.cat7379
ia64_Microsoft.VC90.MFCLOC_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.21022.8_x-ww_414ed0da.manifest5378
ia64_Microsoft.VC90.MFC_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.21022.8_x-ww_d0ce5d1a.manifest2355
ia64_Microsoft.VC90.ATL_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.30729.6161_x-ww_c1a02257.manifest857
ia64_Microsoft.VC90.CRT_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.30729.6161_x-ww_610034e3.manifest1861
ia64_Microsoft.VC90.OpenMP_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.30729.6161_x-ww_7d375d3f.manifest862
mfc90.dll36244409.0.21022.8
mfc90chs.dll414729.0.21022.8
mfc90cht.dll419849.0.21022.8
mfc90deu.dll609289.0.21022.8
mfc90enu.dll542729.0.21022.8
mfc90esn.dll593929.0.21022.8
mfc90esp.dll593929.0.21022.8
mfc90fra.dll604169.0.21022.8
mfc90ita.dll593929.0.21022.8
mfc90jpn.dll471049.0.21022.8
mfc90kor.dll465929.0.21022.8
mfc90u.dll36310969.0.21022.8
mfcm90.dll931849.0.21022.8
mfcm90u.dll931849.0.21022.8
msvcm90.dll3240969.0.30729.6161
msvcp90.dll14661929.0.30729.6161
msvcr90.dll15056169.0.30729.6161
9.0.21022.8.Policy670
9.0.21022.8.Policy664
9.0.30729.6161.Policy766
9.0.30729.6161.Policy766
9.0.30729.6161.Policy772
atl90.dll4160729.0.30729.6161
ia64_Microsoft.VC90.MFCLOC_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.21022.8_x-ww_414ed0da.cat6514
ia64_Microsoft.VC90.MFC_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.21022.8_x-ww_d0ce5d1a.cat10736
9.0.21022.8.cat10797
9.0.21022.8.cat10785
ia64_Microsoft.VC90.ATL_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.30729.6161_x-ww_c1a02257.cat7318
ia64_Microsoft.VC90.CRT_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.30729.6161_x-ww_610034e3.cat7318
ia64_Microsoft.VC90.OpenMP_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.30729.6161_x-ww_7d375d3f.cat7331
9.0.30729.6161.cat7367
9.0.30729.6161.cat7367
9.0.30729.6161.cat7379
ia64_Microsoft.VC90.MFCLOC_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.21022.8_x-ww_414ed0da.manifest5378
ia64_Microsoft.VC90.MFC_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.21022.8_x-ww_d0ce5d1a.manifest2355
ia64_Microsoft.VC90.ATL_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.30729.6161_x-ww_c1a02257.manifest857
ia64_Microsoft.VC90.CRT_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.30729.6161_x-ww_610034e3.manifest1861
ia64_Microsoft.VC90.OpenMP_1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b_9.0.30729.6161_x-ww_7d375d3f.manifest862
mfc90.dll36244409.0.21022.8
mfc90chs.dll414729.0.21022.8
mfc90cht.dll419849.0.21022.8
mfc90deu.dll609289.0.21022.8
mfc90enu.dll542729.0.21022.8
mfc90esn.dll593929.0.21022.8
mfc90esp.dll593929.0.21022.8
mfc90fra.dll604169.0.21022.8
mfc90ita.dll593929.0.21022.8
mfc90jpn.dll471049.0.21022.8
mfc90kor.dll465929.0.21022.8
mfc90u.dll36310969.0.21022.8
mfcm90.dll931849.0.21022.8
mfcm90u.dll931849.0.21022.8
msvcm90.dll3240969.0.30729.6161
msvcp90.dll14661929.0.30729.6161
msvcr90.dll15056169.0.30729.6161
9.0.21022.8.Policy670
9.0.21022.8.Policy664
9.0.30729.6161.Policy766
9.0.30729.6161.Policy766
9.0.30729.6161.Policy772
vcomp90.dll1416489.0.30729.6161
vcomp90.dll1416489.0.30729.6161

Properti

ID Artikel: 2538243 - Kajian Terakhir: 05 Oktober 2011 - Revisi: 2.0
Berlaku bagi:
  • Microsoft Visual C++ Redistributable Package
Kata kunci: 
atdownload kbbug kbexpertiseinter kbfix kbsecbulletin kbsecurity kbsecvulnerability kbmt KB2538243 KbMtid
Penerjemahan Mesin
PENTING: Artikel ini diterjemahkan menggunakan perangkat lunak mesin penerjemah Microsoft dan bukan oleh seorang penerjemah. Microsoft menawarkan artikel yang diterjemahkan oleh seorang penerjemah maupun artikel yang diterjemahkan menggunakan mesin sehingga Anda akan memiliki akses ke seluruh artikel baru yang diterbitkan di Pangkalan Pengetahuan (Knowledge Base) dalam bahasa yang Anda gunakan. Namun, artikel yang diterjemahkan menggunakan mesin tidak selalu sempurna. Artikel tersebut mungkin memiliki kesalahan kosa kata, sintaksis, atau tata bahasa, hampir sama seperti orang asing yang berbicara dalam bahasa Anda. Microsoft tidak bertanggung jawab terhadap akurasi, kesalahan atau kerusakan yang disebabkan karena kesalahan penerjemahan konten atau penggunaannya oleh para pelanggan. Microsoft juga sering memperbarui perangkat lunak mesin penerjemah.
Klik disini untuk melihat versi Inggris dari artikel ini:2538243

Berikan Masukan