Introduktion
Microsoft har udviklet et eksempel på Et PowerShell-script, der kan hjælpe dig med at automatisere opdatering af Windows Genoprettelsesmiljø (WinRE) på installerede enheder for at løse sikkerhedsrisiciene i CVE-2024-20666.
Eksempel på PowerShell-script
PowerShell-eksempelscriptet blev udviklet af Microsoft-produktteamet for at hjælpe med at automatisere opdateringen af WinRE-afbildninger på understøttede Windows 10 og Windows 11 enheder. Kør scriptet med administratorlegitimationsoplysninger i PowerShell på de berørte enheder. Der er to tilgængelige scripts – hvilket script du skal bruge, afhænger af den version af Windows, du kører. Brug den relevante version til dit miljø.
PatchWinREScript_2004plus.ps1 (anbefales)
Dette script er til Windows 10 version 2004 og nyere versioner, herunder Windows 11. Vi anbefaler, at du bruger denne version af scriptet, fordi det er mere robust, men bruger funktioner, der kun er tilgængelige på Windows 10, version 2004 og nyere versioner.
################################################################################################
#
# Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
# Licensed under the MIT License.
#
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED *AS IS*, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
# OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
# SOFTWARE.
#
################################################################################################
Param (
[Parameter(HelpMessage="Work Directory for patch WinRE")][string]$workDir="",
[Parameter(Mandatory=$true,HelpMessage="Path of target package")][string]$packagePath
)
# ------------------------------------
# Help functions
# ------------------------------------
# Log message
function LogMessage([string]$message)
{
$message = "$([DateTime]::Now) - $message"
Write-Host $message
}
function IsTPMBasedProtector
{
$DriveLetter = $env:SystemDrive
LogMessage("Checking BitLocker status")
$BitLocker = Get-WmiObject -Namespace "Root\cimv2\Security\MicrosoftVolumeEncryption" -Class "Win32_EncryptableVolume" -Filter "DriveLetter = '$DriveLetter'"
if(-not $BitLocker)
{
LogMessage("No BitLocker object")
return $False
}
$protectionEnabled = $False
switch ($BitLocker.GetProtectionStatus().protectionStatus){
("0"){
LogMessage("Unprotected")
break
}
("1"){
LogMessage("Protected")
$protectionEnabled = $True
break
}
("2"){
LogMessage("Uknown")
break
}
default{
LogMessage("NoReturn")
break
}
}
if (!$protectionEnabled)
{
LogMessage("Bitlocker isn’t enabled on the OS")
return $False
}
$ProtectorIds = $BitLocker.GetKeyProtectors("0").volumekeyprotectorID
$return = $False
foreach ($ProtectorID in $ProtectorIds){
$KeyProtectorType = $BitLocker.GetKeyProtectorType($ProtectorID).KeyProtectorType
switch($KeyProtectorType){
"1"{
LogMessage("Trusted Platform Module (TPM)")
$return = $True
break
}
"4"{
LogMessage("TPM And PIN")
$return = $True
break
}
"5"{
LogMessage("TPM And Startup Key")
$return = $True
break
}
"6"{
LogMessage("TPM And PIN And Startup Key")
$return = $True
break
}
default {break}
}#endSwitch
}#EndForeach
if ($return)
{
LogMessage("Has TPM-based protector")
}
else
{
LogMessage("Doesn't have TPM-based protector")
}
return $return
}
function SetRegistrykeyForSuccess
{
reg add HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\PushButtonReset /v WinREPathScriptSucceed_CVE_2024_20666 /d 1 /f
}
function TargetfileVersionExam([string]$mountDir)
{
# Exam target binary
$targetBinary=$mountDir + "\Windows\System32\winload.efi"
LogMessage("TargetFile: " + $targetBinary)
$realNTVersion = [Diagnostics.FileVersionInfo]::GetVersionInfo($targetBinary).ProductVersion
$versionString = "$($realNTVersion.Split('.')[0]).$($realNTVersion.Split('.')[1])"
$fileVersion = $($realNTVersion.Split('.')[2])
$fileRevision = $($realNTVersion.Split('.')[3])
LogMessage("Target file version: " + $realNTVersion)
if (!($versionString -eq "10.0"))
{
LogMessage("Not Windows 10 or later")
return $False
}
$hasUpdated = $False
#Windows 10, version 1507 10240.20400
#Windows 10, version 1607 14393.6610
#Windows 10, version 1809 17763.5322
#Windows 10, version 2004 1904X.3920
#Windows 11, version 21H2 22000.2710
#Windows 11, version 22H2 22621.3000
switch ($fileVersion) {
"10240" {
LogMessage("Windows 10, version 1507")
if ($fileRevision -ge 20400)
{
LogMessage("Windows 10, version 1507 with revision " + $fileRevision + " >= 20400, updates have been applied")
$hasUpdated = $True
}
break
}
"14393" {
LogMessage("Windows 10, version 1607")
if ($fileRevision -ge 6610)
{
LogMessage("Windows 10, version 1607 with revision " + $fileRevision + " >= 6610, updates have been applied")
$hasUpdated = $True
}
break
}
"17763" {
LogMessage("Windows 10, version 1809")
if ($fileRevision -ge 5322)
{
LogMessage("Windows 10, version 1809 with revision " + $fileRevision + " >= 5322, updates have been applied")
$hasUpdated = $True
}
break
}
"19041" {
LogMessage("Windows 10, version 2004")
if ($fileRevision -ge 3920)
{
LogMessage("Windows 10, version 2004 with revision " + $fileRevision + " >= 3920, updates have been applied")
$hasUpdated = $True
}
break
}
"22000" {
LogMessage("Windows 11, version 21H2")
if ($fileRevision -ge 2710)
{
LogMessage("Windows 11, version 21H2 with revision " + $fileRevision + " >= 2710, updates have been applied")
$hasUpdated = $True
}
break
}
"22621" {
LogMessage("Windows 11, version 22H2")
if ($fileRevision -ge 3000)
{
LogMessage("Windows 11, version 22H2 with revision " + $fileRevision + " >= 3000, updates have been applied")
$hasUpdated = $True
}
break
}
default {
LogMessage("Warning: unsupported OS version")
}
}
return $hasUpdated
}
function PatchPackage([string]$mountDir, [string]$packagePath)
{
# Exam target binary
$hasUpdated =TargetfileVersionExam($mountDir)
if ($hasUpdated)
{
LogMessage("The update has already been added to WinRE")
SetRegistrykeyForSuccess
return $False
}
# Add package
LogMessage("Apply package:" + $packagePath)
Dism /Add-Package /Image:$mountDir /PackagePath:$packagePath
if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0)
{
LogMessage("Successfully applied the package")
}
else
{
LogMessage("Applying the package failed with exit code: " + $LASTEXITCODE)
return $False
}
# Cleanup recovery image
LogMessage("Cleanup image")
Dism /image:$mountDir /cleanup-image /StartComponentCleanup /ResetBase
if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0)
{
LogMessage("Cleanup image succeed")
}
else
{
LogMessage("Cleanup image failed: " + $LASTEXITCODE)
return $False
}
return $True
}
# ------------------------------------
# Execution starts
# ------------------------------------
# Check breadcrumb
if (Test-Path HKLM:\Software\Microsoft\PushButtonReset)
{
$values = Get-ItemProperty -Path HKLM:\Software\Microsoft\PushButtonReset
if (!(-not $values))
{
if (Get-Member -InputObject $values -Name WinREPathScriptSucceed_CVE_2024_20666)
{
$value = Get-ItemProperty -Path HKLM:\Software\Microsoft\PushButtonReset -Name WinREPathScriptSucceed_CVE_2024_20666
if ($value.WinREPathScriptSucceed_CVE_2024_20666 -eq 1)
{
LogMessage("This script was previously run successfully")
exit 1
}
}
}
}
if ([string]::IsNullorEmpty($workDir))
{
LogMessage("No input for mount directory")
LogMessage("Use default path from temporary directory")
$workDir = [System.IO.Path]::GetTempPath()
}
LogMessage("Working Dir: " + $workDir)
$name = "9f8131ee-878f-4525-bf31-e446aac3016a_Mount"
$mountDir = Join-Path $workDir $name
LogMessage("MountDir: " + $mountdir)
# Delete existing mount directory
if (Test-Path $mountDir)
{
LogMessage("Mount directory: " + $mountDir + " already exists")
LogMessage("Try to unmount it")
Dism /unmount-image /mountDir:$mountDir /discard
if (!($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0))
{
LogMessage("Warning: unmount failed: " + $LASTEXITCODE)
}
LogMessage("Delete existing mount direcotry " + $mountDir)
Remove-Item $mountDir -Recurse
}
# Create mount directory
LogMessage("Create mount directory " + $mountDir)
New-Item -Path $mountDir -ItemType Directory
# Set ACL for mount directory
LogMessage("Set ACL for mount directory")
icacls $mountDir /inheritance:r
icacls $mountDir /grant:r SYSTEM:"(OI)(CI)(F)"
icacls $mountDir /grant:r *S-1-5-32-544:"(OI)(CI)(F)"
# Mount WinRE
LogMessage("Mount WinRE:")
reagentc /mountre /path $mountdir
if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0)
{
# Patch WinRE
if (PatchPackage -mountDir $mountDir -packagePath $packagePath)
{
$hasUpdated = TargetfileVersionExam($mountDir)
if ($hasUpdated)
{
LogMessage("After patch, find expected version for target file")
}
else
{
LogMessage("Warning: After applying the patch, unexpected version found for the target file")
}
LogMessage("Patch succeed, unmount to commit change")
Dism /unmount-image /mountDir:$mountDir /commit
if (!($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0))
{
LogMessage("Unmount failed: " + $LASTEXITCODE)
exit 1
}
else
{
if ($hasUpdated)
{
if (IsTPMBasedProtector)
{
# Disable WinRE and re-enable it to let new WinRE be trusted by BitLocker
LogMessage("Disable WinRE")
reagentc /disable
LogMessage("Re-enable WinRE")
reagentc /enable
reagentc /info
}
# Leave a breadcrumb indicates the script has succeed
SetRegistrykeyForSuccess
}
}
}
else
{
LogMessage("Patch failed or is not applicable, discard unmount")
Dism /unmount-image /mountDir:$mountDir /discard
if (!($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0))
{
LogMessage("Unmount failed: " + $LASTEXITCODE)
exit 1
}
}
}
else
{
LogMessage("Mount failed: " + $LASTEXITCODE)
}
# Cleanup Mount directory in the end
LogMessage("Delete mount direcotry")
Remove-Item $mountDir -Recurse
PatchWinREScript_General.ps1
Dette script er til Windows 10 version 1909 og tidligere versioner, men udføres på alle versioner af Windows 10 og Windows 11.
################################################################################################
#
# Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
# Licensed under the MIT License.
#
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED *AS IS*, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
# OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
# SOFTWARE.
#
################################################################################################
Param (
[Parameter(HelpMessage="Work Directory for patch WinRE")][string]$workDir="",
[Parameter(Mandatory=$true,HelpMessage="Path of target package")][string]$packagePath
)
# ------------------------------------
# Help functions
# ------------------------------------
# Log message
function LogMessage([string]$message)
{
$message = "$([DateTime]::Now) - $message"
Write-Host $message
}
function IsTPMBasedProtector
{
$DriveLetter = $env:SystemDrive
LogMessage("Checking BitLocker status")
$BitLocker = Get-WmiObject -Namespace "Root\cimv2\Security\MicrosoftVolumeEncryption" -Class "Win32_EncryptableVolume" -Filter "DriveLetter = '$DriveLetter'"
if(-not $BitLocker)
{
LogMessage("No BitLocker object")
return $False
}
$protectionEnabled = $False
switch ($BitLocker.GetProtectionStatus().protectionStatus){
("0"){
LogMessage("Unprotected")
break
}
("1"){
LogMessage("Protected")
$protectionEnabled = $True
break
}
("2"){
LogMessage("Uknown")
break
}
default{
LogMessage("NoReturn")
break
}
}
if (!$protectionEnabled)
{
LogMessage("Bitlocker isn’t enabled on the OS")
return $False
}
$ProtectorIds = $BitLocker.GetKeyProtectors("0").volumekeyprotectorID
$return = $False
foreach ($ProtectorID in $ProtectorIds){
$KeyProtectorType = $BitLocker.GetKeyProtectorType($ProtectorID).KeyProtectorType
switch($KeyProtectorType){
"1"{
LogMessage("Trusted Platform Module (TPM)")
$return = $True
break
}
"4"{
LogMessage("TPM And PIN")
$return = $True
break
}
"5"{
LogMessage("TPM And Startup Key")
$return = $True
break
}
"6"{
LogMessage("TPM And PIN And Startup Key")
$return = $True
break
}
default {break}
}#endSwitch
}#EndForeach
if ($return)
{
LogMessage("Has TPM-based protector")
}
else
{
LogMessage("Doesn't have TPM-based protector")
}
return $return
}
function SetRegistrykeyForSuccess
{
reg add HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\PushButtonReset /v WinREPathScriptSucceed_CVE_2024_20666 /d 1 /f
}
function TargetfileVersionExam([string]$mountDir)
{
# Exam target binary
$targetBinary=$mountDir + "\Windows\System32\winload.efi"
LogMessage("TargetFile: " + $targetBinary)
$realNTVersion = [Diagnostics.FileVersionInfo]::GetVersionInfo($targetBinary).ProductVersion
$versionString = "$($realNTVersion.Split('.')[0]).$($realNTVersion.Split('.')[1])"
$fileVersion = $($realNTVersion.Split('.')[2])
$fileRevision = $($realNTVersion.Split('.')[3])
LogMessage("Target file version: " + $realNTVersion)
if (!($versionString -eq "10.0"))
{
LogMessage("Not Windows 10 or later")
return $False
}
$hasUpdated = $False
#Windows 10, version 1507 10240.20400
#Windows 10, version 1607 14393.6610
#Windows 10, version 1809 17763.5322
#Windows 10, version 2004 1904X.3920
#Windows 11, version 21H2 22000.2710
#Windows 11, version 22H2 22621.3000
switch ($fileVersion) {
"10240" {
LogMessage("Windows 10, version 1507")
if ($fileRevision -ge 20400)
{
LogMessage("Windows 10, version 1507 with revision " + $fileRevision + " >= 20400, updates have been applied")
$hasUpdated = $True
}
break
}
"14393" {
LogMessage("Windows 10, version 1607")
if ($fileRevision -ge 6610)
{
LogMessage("Windows 10, version 1607 with revision " + $fileRevision + " >= 6610, updates have been applied")
$hasUpdated = $True
}
break
}
"17763" {
LogMessage("Windows 10, version 1809")
if ($fileRevision -ge 5322)
{
LogMessage("Windows 10, version 1809 with revision " + $fileRevision + " >= 5322, updates have been applied")
$hasUpdated = $True
}
break
}
"19041" {
LogMessage("Windows 10, version 2004")
if ($fileRevision -ge 3920)
{
LogMessage("Windows 10, version 2004 with revision " + $fileRevision + " >= 3920, updates have been applied")
$hasUpdated = $True
}
break
}
"22000" {
LogMessage("Windows 11, version 21H2")
if ($fileRevision -ge 2710)
{
LogMessage("Windows 11, version 21H2 with revision " + $fileRevision + " >= 2710, updates have been applied")
$hasUpdated = $True
}
break
}
"22621" {
LogMessage("Windows 11, version 22H2")
if ($fileRevision -ge 3000)
{
LogMessage("Windows 11, version 22H2 with revision " + $fileRevision + " >= 3000, updates have been applied")
$hasUpdated = $True
}
break
}
default {
LogMessage("Warning: unsupported OS version")
}
}
return $hasUpdated
}
function PatchPackage([string]$mountDir, [string]$packagePath)
{
# Exam target binary
$hasUpdated = TargetfileVersionExam($mountDir)
if ($hasUpdated)
{
LogMessage("The update has already been added to WinRE")
SetRegistrykeyForSuccess
return $False
}
# Add package
LogMessage("Apply package:" + $packagePath)
Dism /Add-Package /Image:$mountDir /PackagePath:$packagePath
if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0)
{
LogMessage("Successfully applied the package")
}
else
{
LogMessage("Applying the package failed with exit code: " + $LASTEXITCODE)
return $False
}
# Cleanup recovery image
LogMessage("Cleanup image")
Dism /image:$mountDir /cleanup-image /StartComponentCleanup /ResetBase
if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0)
{
LogMessage("Cleanup image succeed")
}
else
{
LogMessage("Cleanup image failed: " + $LASTEXITCODE)
return $False
}
return $True
}
# ------------------------------------
# Execution starts
# ------------------------------------
# Check breadcrumb
if (Test-Path HKLM:\Software\Microsoft\PushButtonReset)
{
$values = Get-ItemProperty -Path HKLM:\Software\Microsoft\PushButtonReset
if (!(-not $values))
{
if (Get-Member -InputObject $values -Name WinREPathScriptSucceed_CVE_2024_20666)
{
$value = Get-ItemProperty -Path HKLM:\Software\Microsoft\PushButtonReset -Name WinREPathScriptSucceed_CVE_2024_20666
if ($value.WinREPathScriptSucceed_CVE_2024_20666 -eq 1)
{
LogMessage("This script was previously run successfully")
exit 1
}
}
}
}
# Get WinRE info
$WinREInfo = Reagentc /info
$findLocation = $False
foreach ($line in $WinREInfo)
{
$params = $line.Split(':')
if ($params.count -le 1)
{
continue
}
if ($params[1].Lenght -eq 0)
{
continue
}
$content = $params[1].Trim()
if ($content.Lenght -eq 0)
{
continue
}
$index = $content.IndexOf("\\?\")
if ($index -ge 0)
{
LogMessage("Find \\?\ at " + $index + " for [" + $content + "]")
$WinRELocation = $content
$findLocation = $True
}
}
if (!$findLocation)
{
LogMessage("WinRE Disabled")
exit 1
}
LogMessage("WinRE Enabled. WinRE location:" + $WinRELocation)
$WinREFile = $WinRELocation + "\winre.wim"
if ([string]::IsNullorEmpty($workDir))
{
LogMessage("No input for mount directory")
LogMessage("Use default path from temporary directory")
$workDir = [System.IO.Path]::GetTempPath()
}
LogMessage("Working Dir: " + $workDir)
$name = "9f8131ee-878f-4525-bf31-e446aac3016a_Mount"
$mountDir = Join-Path $workDir $name
LogMessage("MountDir: " + $mountdir)
# Delete existing mount directory
if (Test-Path $mountDir)
{
LogMessage("Mount directory: " + $mountDir + " already exists")
LogMessage("Try to unmount it")
Dism /unmount-image /mountDir:$mountDir /discard
if (!($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0))
{
LogMessage("Warning: unmount failed: " + $LASTEXITCODE)
}
LogMessage("Delete existing mount direcotry " + $mountDir)
Remove-Item $mountDir -Recurse
}
# Create mount directory
LogMessage("Create mount directory " + $mountDir)
New-Item -Path $mountDir -ItemType Directory
# Set ACL for mount directory
LogMessage("Set ACL for mount directory")
icacls $mountDir /inheritance:r
icacls $mountDir /grant:r SYSTEM:"(OI)(CI)(F)"
icacls $mountDir /grant:r *S-1-5-32-544:"(OI)(CI)(F)"
# Mount WinRE
LogMessage("Mount WinRE:")
Dism /mount-image /imagefile:$WinREFile /index:1 /mountdir:$mountDir
if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0)
{
# Patch WinRE
if (PatchPackage -mountDir $mountDir -packagePath $packagePath)
{
$hasUpdated = TargetfileVersionExam($mountDir)
if ($hasUpdated)
{
LogMessage("After patch, find expected version for target file")
}
else
{
LogMessage("Warning: After applying the patch, unexpected version found for the target file")
}
LogMessage("Patch succeed, unmount to commit change")
Dism /unmount-image /mountDir:$mountDir /commit
if (!($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0))
{
LogMessage("Unmount failed: " + $LASTEXITCODE)
exit 1
}
else
{
if ($hasUpdated)
{
if (IsTPMBasedProtector)
{
# Disable WinRE and re-enable it to let new WinRE be trusted by BitLocker
LogMessage("Disable WinRE")
reagentc /disable
LogMessage("Re-enable WinRE")
reagentc /enable
reagentc /info
}
# Leave a breadcrumb indicates the script has succeed
SetRegistrykeyForSuccess
}
}
}
else
{
LogMessage("Patch failed or is not applicable, discard unmount")
Dism /unmount-image /mountDir:$mountDir /discard
if (!($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0))
{
LogMessage("Unmount failed: " + $LASTEXITCODE)
exit 1
}
}
}
else
{
LogMessage("Mount failed: " + $LASTEXITCODE)
}
# Cleanup Mount directory in the end
LogMessage("Delete mount direcotry")
Remove-Item $mountDir -Recurse
Flere oplysninger
Når enheden er startet i den kørende version af Windows, der er installeret på enheden, udfører scriptet følgende trin:
-
Tilslut den eksisterende WinRE-afbildning (WINRE. Wim).
-
Opdater WinRE-afbildningen med den angivne Safe OS Dynamic Update (kompatibilitetsopdatering), der er tilgængelig fra Windows Update-kataloget. Vi anbefaler, at du bruger den nyeste Safe OS Dynamic Update, der er tilgængelig til den version af Windows, der er installeret på enheden.
-
Fjern WinRE-afbildningen.
-
Hvis BitLocker TPM-beskytter er til stede, omkonfigurerer WinRE til BitLocker-tjenesten.
Vigtigt Dette trin findes ikke i de fleste tredjepartsscripts til anvendelse af opdateringer til WinRE-afbildningen.
Brug
Følgende parametre kan overføres til scriptet:
|
Parameter |
Beskrivelse |
|---|---|
|
workDir |
<Valgfri> Angiver den arbejdsområde, der bruges til at reparere WinRE. Hvis det ikke er angivet, bruger scriptet den midlertidige standardmappe til enheden. |
|
packagePath |
<Påkrævet> Angiver stien til og navnet på den OS-versionsspecifikke opdateringspakke og processorarkitekturspecifikke Safe OS Dynamic-opdateringspakke, der skal bruges til at opdatere WinRE-afbildningen.Bemærk Dette kan være en lokal sti eller en ekstern UNC-sti, men Safe OS Dynamic Update skal downloades og være tilgængelig, for at scriptet kan bruges. Eksempel: |
