By default, the Symbol dialog box shows emoji at first when it's opened. But you can expand it to see other character sets: Scroll to the top and click the toggle button in the right corner:

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Word
Do any of the following:
Insert symbol
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On the Insert menu, click Advanced Symbol, and then click the Symbols tab.
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Click the symbol that you want.
Insert special characters
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On the Insert menu, click Advanced Symbol, and then click the Special Characters tab.
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Click the character that you want.
Excel
Insert a symbol
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On the Insert menu, click Symbol.
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Click the symbol that you want.
PowerPoint
Insert a symbol
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On the Insert menu, click Symbol.
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Click the symbol that you want.
Outlook
Insert a symbol
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On the Edit menu, click Emoji & Symbols.
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Click the symbol that you want.