Symptoms
When you execute a query that contains many COUNT DISTINCT operations in Microsoft SQL Server 2016, an access violation might occur.
Resolution
This problem was fixed in the following cumulative updates for SQL Server:
Each new cumulative update for SQL Server contains all the hotfixes and all the security fixes that were included with the previous cumulative update. Check out the latest cumulative updates for SQL Server:
Workaround
To work around this issue, break the query into multiple small queries.
Status
Microsoft has confirmed that this is a problem in the Microsoft products that are listed in the "Applies to" section.
References
Learn about the terminology Microsoft uses to describe software updates.