Symptoms
Consider the following scenario:
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When Tuple Mover compresses a Deltastore, it inserts rows into the new rowgroup and then compresses the columnstore index rowgroups.
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The mapping index will be updated once the new rowgroup is created.
In this situation, if you try to insert a row into index mapping rowset, you notice that inconsistency occurs.
Status
Microsoft has confirmed that this is a problem in the Microsoft products that are listed in the "Applies to" section.
Resolution
This issue is fixed in the following cumulative update for SQL Server:
About cumulative updates for SQL Server:
Each new cumulative update for SQL Server contains all the hotfixes and all the security fixes that were included with the previous cumulative update. Check out the latest cumulative updates for SQL Server:
Workaround
To work around this issue, you may do one of the following:
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Rebuild the index.
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Avoid using non-clustered index on clustered columnstore indexes.
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Disable Tuple Mover.
References
Learn about the terminology that Microsoft uses to describe software updates.