Uvod
Microsoft je razvio uzorak PowerShell skripte koja vam može pomoći da automatizujete ažuriranje Windows okruženja za oporavak (WinRE) na primenjenim uređajima kako bi se rešile bezbednosne ranjivosti u CVE-2022-41099.
Uzorak PowerShell skripte
Uzorak PowerShell skripte je razvio Microsoft tim proizvoda kako bi se automatizovalo ažuriranje WinRE slika na Windows 10 i Windows 11 uređajima. Pokrenite skriptu pomoću akreditiva administratora u programu PowerShell na ugroženim uređajima. Dostupne su dve skripte – koju skriptu treba da koristite zavisi od verzije operativnog sistema Windows koju koristite. Koristite odgovarajuću verziju za okruženje.
PatchWinREScript_2004plus.ps1 (preporučuje se)
Ova skripta je za Windows 10 verzije 2004 i novije verzije, uključujući Windows 11. Preporučujemo da koristite ovu verziju skripte zato što je robusnija, ali koristi funkcije dostupne samo u verzijama Windows 10 verzija 2004 i novijim verzijama.
################################################################################################
#
# Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
# Licensed under the MIT License.
#
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED *AS IS*, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
# OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
# SOFTWARE.
#
################################################################################################
Param (
[Parameter(HelpMessage="Work Directory for patch WinRE")][string]$workDir="",
[Parameter(Mandatory=$true,HelpMessage="Path of target package")][string]$packagePath
)
# ------------------------------------
# Help functions
# ------------------------------------
# Log message
function LogMessage([string]$message)
{
$message = "$([DateTime]::Now) - $message"
Write-Host $message
}
function IsTPMBasedProtector
{
$DriveLetter = $env:SystemDrive
LogMessage("Checking BitLocker status")
$BitLocker = Get-WmiObject -Namespace "Root\cimv2\Security\MicrosoftVolumeEncryption" -Class "Win32_EncryptableVolume" -Filter "DriveLetter = '$DriveLetter'"
if(-not $BitLocker)
{
LogMessage("No BitLocker object")
return $False
}
$protectionEnabled = $False
switch ($BitLocker.GetProtectionStatus().protectionStatus){
("0"){
LogMessage("Unprotected")
break
}
("1"){
LogMessage("Protected")
$protectionEnabled = $True
break
}
("2"){
LogMessage("Uknown")
break
}
default{
LogMessage("NoReturn")
break
}
}
if (!$protectionEnabled)
{
LogMessage("Bitlocker isn’t enabled on the OS")
return $False
}
$ProtectorIds = $BitLocker.GetKeyProtectors("0").volumekeyprotectorID
$return = $False
foreach ($ProtectorID in $ProtectorIds){
$KeyProtectorType = $BitLocker.GetKeyProtectorType($ProtectorID).KeyProtectorType
switch($KeyProtectorType){
"1"{
LogMessage("Trusted Platform Module (TPM)")
$return = $True
break
}
"4"{
LogMessage("TPM And PIN")
$return = $True
break
}
"5"{
LogMessage("TPM And Startup Key")
$return = $True
break
}
"6"{
LogMessage("TPM And PIN And Startup Key")
$return = $True
break
}
default {break}
}#endSwitch
}#EndForeach
if ($return)
{
LogMessage("Has TPM-based protector")
}
else
{
LogMessage("Doesn't have TPM-based protector")
}
return $return
}
function SetRegistrykeyForSuccess
{
reg add HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\PushButtonReset /v WinREPathScriptSucceed /d 1 /f
}
function TargetfileVersionExam([string]$mountDir)
{
# Exam target binary
$targetBinary=$mountDir + "\Windows\System32\bootmenuux.dll"
LogMessage("TargetFile: " + $targetBinary)
$realNTVersion = [Diagnostics.FileVersionInfo]::GetVersionInfo($targetBinary).ProductVersion
$versionString = "$($realNTVersion.Split('.')[0]).$($realNTVersion.Split('.')[1])"
$fileVersion = $($realNTVersion.Split('.')[2])
$fileRevision = $($realNTVersion.Split('.')[3])
LogMessage("Target file version: " + $realNTVersion)
if (!($versionString -eq "10.0"))
{
LogMessage("Not Windows 10 or later")
return $False
}
$hasUpdated = $False
#Windows 10, version 1507 10240.19567
#Windows 10, version 1607 14393.5499
#Windows 10, version 1809 17763.3646
#Windows 10, version 2004 1904X.2247
#Windows 11, version 21H2 22000.1215
#Windows 11, version 22H2 22621.815
switch ($fileVersion) {
"10240" {
LogMessage("Windows 10, version 1507")
if ($fileRevision -ge 19567)
{
LogMessage("Windows 10, version 1507 with revision " + $fileRevision + " >= 19567, updates have been applied")
$hasUpdated = $True
}
break
}
"14393" {
LogMessage("Windows 10, version 1607")
if ($fileRevision -ge 5499)
{
LogMessage("Windows 10, version 1607 with revision " + $fileRevision + " >= 5499, updates have been applied")
$hasUpdated = $True
}
break
}
"17763" {
LogMessage("Windows 10, version 1809")
if ($fileRevision -ge 3646)
{
LogMessage("Windows 10, version 1809 with revision " + $fileRevision + " >= 3646, updates have been applied")
$hasUpdated = $True
}
break
}
"19041" {
LogMessage("Windows 10, version 2004")
if ($fileRevision -ge 2247)
{
LogMessage("Windows 10, version 2004 with revision " + $fileRevision + " >= 2247, updates have been applied")
$hasUpdated = $True
}
break
}
"22000" {
LogMessage("Windows 11, version 21H2")
if ($fileRevision -ge 1215)
{
LogMessage("Windows 11, version 21H2 with revision " + $fileRevision + " >= 1215, updates have been applied")
$hasUpdated = $True
}
break
}
"22621" {
LogMessage("Windows 11, version 22H2")
if ($fileRevision -ge 815)
{
LogMessage("Windows 11, version 22H2 with revision " + $fileRevision + " >= 815, updates have been applied")
$hasUpdated = $True
}
break
}
default {
LogMessage("Warning: unsupported OS version")
}
}
return $hasUpdated
}
function PatchPackage([string]$mountDir, [string]$packagePath)
{
# Exam target binary
$hasUpdated =TargetfileVersionExam($mountDir)
if ($hasUpdated)
{
LogMessage("The update has already been added to WinRE")
SetRegistrykeyForSuccess
return $False
}
# Add package
LogMessage("Apply package:" + $packagePath)
Dism /Add-Package /Image:$mountDir /PackagePath:$packagePath
if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0)
{
LogMessage("Successfully applied the package")
}
else
{
LogMessage("Applying the package failed with exit code: " + $LASTEXITCODE)
return $False
}
# Cleanup recovery image
LogMessage("Cleanup image")
Dism /image:$mountDir /cleanup-image /StartComponentCleanup /ResetBase
if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0)
{
LogMessage("Cleanup image succeed")
}
else
{
LogMessage("Cleanup image failed: " + $LASTEXITCODE)
return $False
}
return $True
}
# ------------------------------------
# Execution starts
# ------------------------------------
# Check breadcrumb
if (Test-Path HKLM:\Software\Microsoft\PushButtonReset)
{
$values = Get-ItemProperty -Path HKLM:\Software\Microsoft\PushButtonReset
if (!(-not $values))
{
if (Get-Member -InputObject $values -Name WinREPathScriptSucceed)
{
$value = Get-ItemProperty -Path HKLM:\Software\Microsoft\PushButtonReset -Name WinREPathScriptSucceed
if ($value.WinREPathScriptSucceed -eq 1)
{
LogMessage("This script was previously run successfully")
exit 1
}
}
}
}
if ([string]::IsNullorEmpty($workDir))
{
LogMessage("No input for mount directory")
LogMessage("Use default path from temporary directory")
$workDir = [System.IO.Path]::GetTempPath()
}
LogMessage("Working Dir: " + $workDir)
$name = "CA551926-299B-27A55276EC22_Mount"
$mountDir = Join-Path $workDir $name
LogMessage("MountDir: " + $mountdir)
# Delete existing mount directory
if (Test-Path $mountDir)
{
LogMessage("Mount directory: " + $mountDir + " already exists")
LogMessage("Try to unmount it")
Dism /unmount-image /mountDir:$mountDir /discard
if (!($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0))
{
LogMessage("Warning: unmount failed: " + $LASTEXITCODE)
}
LogMessage("Delete existing mount direcotry " + $mountDir)
Remove-Item $mountDir -Recurse
}
# Create mount directory
LogMessage("Create mount directory " + $mountDir)
New-Item -Path $mountDir -ItemType Directory
# Set ACL for mount directory
LogMessage("Set ACL for mount directory")
icacls $mountDir /inheritance:r
icacls $mountDir /grant:r SYSTEM:"(OI)(CI)(F)"
icacls $mountDir /grant:r *S-1-5-32-544:"(OI)(CI)(F)"
# Mount WinRE
LogMessage("Mount WinRE:")
reagentc /mountre /path $mountdir
if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0)
{
# Patch WinRE
if (PatchPackage -mountDir $mountDir -packagePath $packagePath)
{
$hasUpdated = TargetfileVersionExam($mountDir)
if ($hasUpdated)
{
LogMessage("After patch, find expected version for target file")
}
else
{
LogMessage("Warning: After applying the patch, unexpected version found for the target file")
}
LogMessage("Patch succeed, unmount to commit change")
Dism /unmount-image /mountDir:$mountDir /commit
if (!($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0))
{
LogMessage("Unmount failed: " + $LASTEXITCODE)
exit 1
}
else
{
if ($hasUpdated)
{
if (IsTPMBasedProtector)
{
# Disable WinRE and re-enable it to let new WinRE be trusted by BitLocker
LogMessage("Disable WinRE")
reagentc /disable
LogMessage("Re-enable WinRE")
reagentc /enable
reagentc /info
}
# Leave a breadcrumb indicates the script has succeed
SetRegistrykeyForSuccess
}
}
}
else
{
LogMessage("Patch failed or is not applicable, discard unmount")
Dism /unmount-image /mountDir:$mountDir /discard
if (!($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0))
{
LogMessage("Unmount failed: " + $LASTEXITCODE)
exit 1
}
}
}
else
{
LogMessage("Mount failed: " + $LASTEXITCODE)
}
# Cleanup Mount directory in the end
LogMessage("Delete mount direcotry")
Remove-Item $mountDir -Recurse
PatchWinREScript_General.ps1
Ova skripta je za Windows 10 verzije 1909 i starije verzije, ali se izvršava na svim verzijama programa Windows 10 i Windows 11.
################################################################################################
#
# Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
# Licensed under the MIT License.
#
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED *AS IS*, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
# OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
# SOFTWARE.
#
################################################################################################
Param (
[Parameter(HelpMessage="Work Directory for patch WinRE")][string]$workDir="",
[Parameter(Mandatory=$true,HelpMessage="Path of target package")][string]$packagePath
)
# ------------------------------------
# Help functions
# ------------------------------------
# Log message
function LogMessage([string]$message)
{
$message = "$([DateTime]::Now) - $message"
Write-Host $message
}
function IsTPMBasedProtector
{
$DriveLetter = $env:SystemDrive
LogMessage("Checking BitLocker status")
$BitLocker = Get-WmiObject -Namespace "Root\cimv2\Security\MicrosoftVolumeEncryption" -Class "Win32_EncryptableVolume" -Filter "DriveLetter = '$DriveLetter'"
if(-not $BitLocker)
{
LogMessage("No BitLocker object")
return $False
}
$protectionEnabled = $False
switch ($BitLocker.GetProtectionStatus().protectionStatus){
("0"){
LogMessage("Unprotected")
break
}
("1"){
LogMessage("Protected")
$protectionEnabled = $True
break
}
("2"){
LogMessage("Uknown")
break
}
default{
LogMessage("NoReturn")
break
}
}
if (!$protectionEnabled)
{
LogMessage("Bitlocker isn’t enabled on the OS")
return $False
}
$ProtectorIds = $BitLocker.GetKeyProtectors("0").volumekeyprotectorID
$return = $False
foreach ($ProtectorID in $ProtectorIds){
$KeyProtectorType = $BitLocker.GetKeyProtectorType($ProtectorID).KeyProtectorType
switch($KeyProtectorType){
"1"{
LogMessage("Trusted Platform Module (TPM)")
$return = $True
break
}
"4"{
LogMessage("TPM And PIN")
$return = $True
break
}
"5"{
LogMessage("TPM And Startup Key")
$return = $True
break
}
"6"{
LogMessage("TPM And PIN And Startup Key")
$return = $True
break
}
default {break}
}#endSwitch
}#EndForeach
if ($return)
{
LogMessage("Has TPM-based protector")
}
else
{
LogMessage("Doesn't have TPM-based protector")
}
return $return
}
function SetRegistrykeyForSuccess
{
reg add HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\PushButtonReset /v WinREPathScriptSucceed /d 1 /f
}
function TargetfileVersionExam([string]$mountDir)
{
# Exam target binary
$targetBinary=$mountDir + "\Windows\System32\bootmenuux.dll"
LogMessage("TargetFile: " + $targetBinary)
$realNTVersion = [Diagnostics.FileVersionInfo]::GetVersionInfo($targetBinary).ProductVersion
$versionString = "$($realNTVersion.Split('.')[0]).$($realNTVersion.Split('.')[1])"
$fileVersion = $($realNTVersion.Split('.')[2])
$fileRevision = $($realNTVersion.Split('.')[3])
LogMessage("Target file version: " + $realNTVersion)
if (!($versionString -eq "10.0"))
{
LogMessage("Not Windows 10 or later")
return $False
}
$hasUpdated = $False
#Windows 10, version 1507 10240.19567
#Windows 10, version 1607 14393.5499
#Windows 10, version 1809 17763.3646
#Windows 10, version 2004 1904X.2247
#Windows 11, version 21H2 22000.1215
#Windows 11, version 22H2 22621.815
switch ($fileVersion) {
"10240" {
LogMessage("Windows 10, version 1507")
if ($fileRevision -ge 19567)
{
LogMessage("Windows 10, version 1507 with revision " + $fileRevision + " >= 19567, updates have been applied")
$hasUpdated = $True
}
break
}
"14393" {
LogMessage("Windows 10, version 1607")
if ($fileRevision -ge 5499)
{
LogMessage("Windows 10, version 1607 with revision " + $fileRevision + " >= 5499, updates have been applied")
$hasUpdated = $True
}
break
}
"17763" {
LogMessage("Windows 10, version 1809")
if ($fileRevision -ge 3646)
{
LogMessage("Windows 10, version 1809 with revision " + $fileRevision + " >= 3646, updates have been applied")
$hasUpdated = $True
}
break
}
"19041" {
LogMessage("Windows 10, version 2004")
if ($fileRevision -ge 2247)
{
LogMessage("Windows 10, version 2004 with revision " + $fileRevision + " >= 2247, updates have been applied")
$hasUpdated = $True
}
break
}
"22000" {
LogMessage("Windows 11, version 21H2")
if ($fileRevision -ge 1215)
{
LogMessage("Windows 11, version 21H2 with revision " + $fileRevision + " >= 1215, updates have been applied")
$hasUpdated = $True
}
break
}
"22621" {
LogMessage("Windows 11, version 22H2")
if ($fileRevision -ge 815)
{
LogMessage("Windows 11, version 22H2 with revision " + $fileRevision + " >= 815, updates have been applied")
$hasUpdated = $True
}
break
}
default {
LogMessage("Warning: unsupported OS version")
}
}
return $hasUpdated
}
function PatchPackage([string]$mountDir, [string]$packagePath)
{
# Exam target binary
$hasUpdated = TargetfileVersionExam($mountDir)
if ($hasUpdated)
{
LogMessage("The update has already been added to WinRE")
SetRegistrykeyForSuccess
return $False
}
# Add package
LogMessage("Apply package:" + $packagePath)
Dism /Add-Package /Image:$mountDir /PackagePath:$packagePath
if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0)
{
LogMessage("Successfully applied the package")
}
else
{
LogMessage("Applying the package failed with exit code: " + $LASTEXITCODE)
return $False
}
# Cleanup recovery image
LogMessage("Cleanup image")
Dism /image:$mountDir /cleanup-image /StartComponentCleanup /ResetBase
if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0)
{
LogMessage("Cleanup image succeed")
}
else
{
LogMessage("Cleanup image failed: " + $LASTEXITCODE)
return $False
}
return $True
}
# ------------------------------------
# Execution starts
# ------------------------------------
# Check breadcrumb
if (Test-Path HKLM:\Software\Microsoft\PushButtonReset)
{
$values = Get-ItemProperty -Path HKLM:\Software\Microsoft\PushButtonReset
if (!(-not $values))
{
if (Get-Member -InputObject $values -Name WinREPathScriptSucceed)
{
$value = Get-ItemProperty -Path HKLM:\Software\Microsoft\PushButtonReset -Name WinREPathScriptSucceed
if ($value.WinREPathScriptSucceed -eq 1)
{
LogMessage("This script was previously run successfully")
exit 1
}
}
}
}
# Get WinRE info
$WinREInfo = Reagentc /info
$findLocation = $False
foreach ($line in $WinREInfo)
{
$params = $line.Split(':')
if ($params.count -le 1)
{
continue
}
if ($params[1].Lenght -eq 0)
{
continue
}
$content = $params[1].Trim()
if ($content.Lenght -eq 0)
{
continue
}
$index = $content.IndexOf("\\?\")
if ($index -ge 0)
{
LogMessage("Find \\?\ at " + $index + " for [" + $content + "]")
$WinRELocation = $content
$findLocation = $True
}
}
if (!$findLocation)
{
LogMessage("WinRE Disabled")
exit 1
}
LogMessage("WinRE Enabled. WinRE location:" + $WinRELocation)
$WinREFile = $WinRELocation + "\winre.wim"
if ([string]::IsNullorEmpty($workDir))
{
LogMessage("No input for mount directory")
LogMessage("Use default path from temporary directory")
$workDir = [System.IO.Path]::GetTempPath()
}
LogMessage("Working Dir: " + $workDir)
$name = "CA551926-299B-27A55276EC22_Mount"
$mountDir = Join-Path $workDir $name
LogMessage("MountDir: " + $mountdir)
# Delete existing mount directory
if (Test-Path $mountDir)
{
LogMessage("Mount directory: " + $mountDir + " already exists")
LogMessage("Try to unmount it")
Dism /unmount-image /mountDir:$mountDir /discard
if (!($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0))
{
LogMessage("Warning: unmount failed: " + $LASTEXITCODE)
}
LogMessage("Delete existing mount direcotry " + $mountDir)
Remove-Item $mountDir -Recurse
}
# Create mount directory
LogMessage("Create mount directory " + $mountDir)
New-Item -Path $mountDir -ItemType Directory
# Set ACL for mount directory
LogMessage("Set ACL for mount directory")
icacls $mountDir /inheritance:r
icacls $mountDir /grant:r SYSTEM:"(OI)(CI)(F)"
icacls $mountDir /grant:r *S-1-5-32-544:"(OI)(CI)(F)"
# Mount WinRE
LogMessage("Mount WinRE:")
Dism /mount-image /imagefile:$WinREFile /index:1 /mountdir:$mountDir
if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0)
{
# Patch WinRE
if (PatchPackage -mountDir $mountDir -packagePath $packagePath)
{
$hasUpdated = TargetfileVersionExam($mountDir)
if ($hasUpdated)
{
LogMessage("After patch, find expected version for target file")
}
else
{
LogMessage("Warning: After applying the patch, unexpected version found for the target file")
}
LogMessage("Patch succeed, unmount to commit change")
Dism /unmount-image /mountDir:$mountDir /commit
if (!($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0))
{
LogMessage("Unmount failed: " + $LASTEXITCODE)
exit 1
}
else
{
if ($hasUpdated)
{
if (IsTPMBasedProtector)
{
# Disable WinRE and re-enable it to let new WinRE be trusted by BitLocker
LogMessage("Disable WinRE")
reagentc /disable
LogMessage("Re-enable WinRE")
reagentc /enable
reagentc /info
}
# Leave a breadcrumb indicates the script has succeed
SetRegistrykeyForSuccess
}
}
}
else
{
LogMessage("Patch failed or is not applicable, discard unmount")
Dism /unmount-image /mountDir:$mountDir /discard
if (!($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0))
{
LogMessage("Unmount failed: " + $LASTEXITCODE)
exit 1
}
}
}
else
{
LogMessage("Mount failed: " + $LASTEXITCODE)
}
# Cleanup Mount directory in the end
LogMessage("Delete mount direcotry")
Remove-Item $mountDir -Recurse
Više informacija
Kada uređaj počne da radi pod operativnim sistemom Windows instaliranom na uređaju, skripta će izvršiti sledeće korake:
-
Postavite postojeću WinRE sliku (WINRE). WIM).
-
Ažurirajte WinRE sliku navedenim paketom "Bezbedno ažuriranje operativnog sistema (ažuriranje kompatibilnosti)" dostupnim iz Windows Update kataloga. Preporučujemo da koristite najnoviju dinamičku ispravku bezbednog operativnog sistema Windows dostupnu za verziju operativnog sistema Windows instaliranu na uređaju.
-
Ponovo usmerite WinRE sliku.
-
Ako je BitLocker TPM zaštita prisutna, ponovo konfiguriše uslugu WinRE za BitLocker.
Vaћno Ovaj korak nije prisutan u većini skripti nezavisnih proizvođača za primenu ispravki na WinRE sliku.
Korišćenje
Sledeći parametri mogu da se prosleđuju skripti:
|
Parametar |
Opis |
|---|---|
|
workDir |
<opcionalno> Navodi prostor za privremeno odlaganje koji se koristi za zakrpa winRE. Ako nije navedeno, skripta će koristiti podrazumevanu privremenu fasciklu za uređaj. |
|
packagePath |
<obavezno> Navodi putanju i ime paketa dinamičkih ispravki specifičnih za verziju operativnog sistema i arhitekturu specifičnog za procesor koji će se koristiti za ažuriranje WinRE slike.Beleške To može biti lokalna putanja ili udaljena UNC putanja, ali bezbedna OS dinamička ispravka mora biti preuzeta i dostupna za upotrebu skripte. Primer: |
Reference
Uputstvo za pisanje i pokretanje skripti u Windows PowerShell ISE
