Informasi tentang jenis berkas Multimedia yang didukung Windows Media Player

Artikel ini mendiskusikan jenis berkas multimedia yang didukung Windows Media Player Microsoft dan menyajikan contoh sebagian besar dari jenis berkas ini. Bila masalah terjadi saat Anda memutar jenis berkas yang didukung dari sumber lain, Microsoft menyarankan agar Anda mencoba berkas contoh dari artikel ini yang memiliki ekstensi yang sama. Bila Anda memutar berkas contoh, mungkin akan terjadi masalah dengan berkas dari sumber lain yang Anda coba putar. Bila masalah tetap terjadi saat Anda memutar berkas dari artikel ini, lihat situs Web Microsoft untuk informasi tambahan agar dapat membantu Anda memecahkan masalah:

Format berkas yang didukung

format Windows Media (.asf, .wma, .wmv, .wm)

Format Sistem Lanjutan (.asf)

Versi Windows Media Player yang mendukung jenis berkas ini:

• Windows Media Player 7
• Windows Media Player untuk Windows XP
• Windows Media Player 9 Series
• Windows Media Player 10
• Windows Media Player 11

Format Sistem Lanjutan (ASF) adalah format berkas Windows Media yang terpilih. Dengan Windows Media Player, bila codec yang sesuai dipasang pada komputer Anda, Anda dapat memutar konten audio, video konten, atau keduanya, yang dikompresi dengan codec yang beraneka ragam dan disimpan dalam berkas .asf. Selain itu, Anda dapat mengalirkan konten audio dan video dengan Layanan Windows Media, atau Anda dapat memaketkan konten tersebut dengan Pengelola Hak Windows Media.

ASF adalah format berkas yang dapat diperpanjang, yang menyimpan data multimedia yang telah disinkronkan. Format berkas tersebut mendukung pengiriman data atas beraneka ragam jaringan dan protokol. Format berkas tersebut juga sesuai untuk putar ulang lokal. ASF mendukung kemampuan multimedia lanjutan termasuk jenis media yang dapat diperpanjang, mengunduh komponen, jenis media terukur, prioritisasi aliran yang dikhususkan penyusun, dukungan berbagai bahasa, dan kemampuan bibliografi yang diperluas, yang menyertakan pengelolaan dokumen dan konten.

Biasanya, berkas ASF yang berisi konten audio yang dikompresi dengan codec Windows Media Audio (WMA) menggunakan ekstensi .wma. Demikian pula halnya berkas ASF yang berisi konten audio, konten video, atau keduanya, yang dikompresi dengan codec Windows Media Audio (WMA) dan Windows Media Video (WMV) menggunakan ekstensi .wmv. Akhirnya, konten yang dikompresi dengan codec lain menggunakan ekstensi .asf generik. Untuk informasi lebih lanjut tentang ASF, kunjungi situs Web Microsoft berikut:

Windows Media Audio (.wma)

Versi dari Windows Media Player yang mendukung jenis berkas ini:

• Windows Media Player 7
• Windows Media Player untuk Windows XP
• Windows Media Player 9 Series
• Windows Media Player 10
• Windows Media Player 11

Berkas Windows Media Audio (.wma) adalah berkas Format Sistem Lanjutan (.asf) yang menyertakan audio yang dikompresi dengan codec Windows Media Audio (WMA). Dengan menggunakan ekstensi yang terpisah, pengguna dapat memasang banyak pemutar di komputer mereka dan menyatukan pemutar tertentu dengan ekstensi .wma untuk pemutaran ulang sumber audio-saja.

Windows Media Video (.wmv, .wm)

Versi Windows Media Player yang mendukung jenis berkas ini:

• Windows Media Player 7
• Windows Media Player untuk Windows XP
• Windows Media Player 9 Series
• Windows Media Player 10
• Windows Media Player 11

Berkas Windows Media Video (.wmv) adalah berkas Format Sistem Lanjutan (.asf) yang menyertakan audio, video, atau keduanya yang dikompresi dengan codec Windows Media Audio (WMA) dan Windows Media Video (WMV). Memakai ekstensi terpisah, Anda dapat memasang banyak pemutar di komputer dan menyatukan pemutar tertentu berekstensi .wmv untuk pemutaran ulang sumber audio dan video.

Windows Media Metafiles (.asx, .wax, .wvx, .wpl)

Advanced Stream Redirector (.asx)

Versi Windows Media Player yang mendukung jenis berkas ini:

• Windows Media Player 7
• Windows Media Player untuk Windows XP
• Windows Media Player 9 Series
• Windows Media Player 10
• Windows Media Player 11

Berkas Pengalih Arah Aliran Lanjutan (.asx), juga dikenal sebagai Windows Media Metafiles, adalah berkas teks yang memberikan informasi tentang aliran berkas dan penyajiannya. Berkas ASX melampaui tugas daftar putar yang ditentukan secara mudah untuk memberikan Windows Media Player informasi tentang cara menyajikan item daftar putar media tertentu.

Windows Media Metafiles didasarkan atas syntax XML dan dapat dienkode, baik dalam format ANSI maupun UNICODE (UTF-8). Format tersebut dibuat dari berbagai unsur dengan tag dan atribut yang terkait. Masing-masing unsur dalam metafile Windows Media menentukan setelan atau tindakan tertentu dalam Windows Media Player.

Berkas ASX dapat mengarah ke jenis berkas media apa pun yang dikenali dan didukung Windows Media Player.

Untuk informasi lebih lanjut tentang Windows Media Metafiles, kunjungi situs Web Microsoft berikut:

Pengalih Arah Windows Media Audio (.wax)

Versi Windows Media Player yang mendukung jenis berkas ini:

• Windows Media Player 7
• Windows Media Player untuk Windows XP
• Windows Media Player 9 Series
• Windows Media Player 10
• Windows Media Player 11

Berkas Pengalih Arah Windows Media Audio (.wax) adalah Windows Media Metafiles yang merujuk pada berkas Windows Media Audio (.wma).

Pengalih Arah Windows Media Video (.wvx)

Versi Windows Media Player yang mendukung jenis berkas ini:

• Windows Media Player 7
• Windows Media Player untuk Windows XP
• Windows Media Player 9 Series
• Windows Media Player 10
• Windows Media Player 11

Berkas Pengalih Arah Windows Media Video (.wvx) adalah Windows Media Metafiles yang merujuk pada berkas Windows Media Video (.wma).

Pengalih Arah Windows Media (.wmx)

Versi Windows Media Player yang mendukung jenis berkas ini:

• Windows Media Player 7
• Windows Media Player untuk Windows XP
• Windows Media Player 9 Series
• Windows Media Player 10
• Windows Media Player 11

Berkas Pengalih Arah Windows Media (.wmx) adalah Windows Media Metafiles yang merujuk berkas Windows Media Audio (.wma) dan Video (.wmv), atau keduanya.

Daftar Putar Windows Media Player (.wpl)

Versi Windows Media Player yang mendukung jenis berkas ini:

• Windows Media Player 9 Series
• Windows Media Player 10
• Windows Media Player 11

Berkas Daftar Putar Windows Media Player (.wpl) adalah daftar putar permintaan klien yang tertulis dalam format yang sesuai. Microsoft memperkenalkan format berkas ini dalam Windows Media Player 9 Series. Format .wpl dapat menghasilkan daftar putar yang dinamis, yang tidak dapat dilakukan oleh format .asx dan .m3u. In Windows Media Player 9 Series, the auto playlist feature uses the .wpl format. The .wpl format is the default file format used for playlists that you save in Windows Media Player 9 Series.

Microsoft Digital Video Recording (.dvr-ms)

In Microsoft Windows XP Media Center Edition, Microsoft introduced the *.dvr-ms file format for storing recorded TV content. Similar to *.asf files, *.dvr-ms file enhancements permit key Personal Video Recorder (PVR) functionality, including time-shifting, live pause, and simultaneous record and playback. Video contained in a *.dvr-ms file is encoded as MPEG-2 video stream, and the audio contained in the *.dvr-ms file is encoded as MPEG-1 Layer II audio stream.

To play back unprotected *.dvr-ms files on Windows XP-based computers, you must have the following software and hardware components:

• Microsoft Windows XP Service Pack 1 (SP1) or later.
• The update that is documented in the following article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base must be installed on the computer: For more information, click the following article number to view the article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base:
  810243  (http://support.microsoft.com/kb/810243/id-id/ ) DirectShow playback support for files recorded with Windows XP Media Center Edition
• A Windows XP-compatible DVD decoder.

For more information about *.dvr-ms files, visit the following Microsoft Web site:

Windows Media Download Package (.wmd)

Versions of Windows Media Player that support this file type:

• Windows Media Player 7
• Windows Media Player for Windows XP
• Windows Media Player 9 Series
• Windows Media Player 10
• Windows Media Player 11

Windows Media Download (WMD) packages combine Windows Media Player skin borders, playlist information, and multimedia content in a single downloadable file that uses a .wmd extension. A .wmd package can include a whole album of music videos that also displays advertising in the form of graphical branding and links to an online music retailer Web site.

To download a .wmd package from a Web site, click the link to the package. When the package is downloaded to your computer, Windows Media Player automatically extracts the files that are contained in the package, adds the playlists in the package, adds the content to Media Library, displays the border skin in the Now Playing pane of Windows Media Player (in full mode), and then plays the first item in the playlist. For more information about .wmd files, visit the following Microsoft Web site:

Audio Visual Interleave (.avi)

Versions of Windows Media Player that support this file type:

• Windows Media Player 7
• Windows Media Player for Windows XP
• Windows Media Player 9 Series
• Windows Media Player 10
• Windows Media Player 11

Audio Video Interleave (AVI) is a special case of Resource Interchange File Format (RIFF). AVI is defined by Microsoft. The .avi file format is the most common format for audio and video data on a computer.

Audio content or video content that is compressed with a wide variety of codecs can be stored in an .avi file and played in Windows Media Player, if the appropriate codecs are installed on the computer. Video codecs that are frequently used in .avi files include the following codecs:

• DivX codec
  
  For more information, visit the following DivX Web site:
  http://www.divx.com (http://www.divx.com)
• Cinepak codec
  
  For more information, visit the following Cinepak Web site:
  http://www.probo.com/cinepak.php (http://www.probo.com/cinepak.php)
• Indeo codec
  
  For more information, visit the following Ligos Web site:
  http://www.ligos.com (http://www.ligos.com)
• DV codec
• MJPEG codec
• Uncompressed RGB or YUY2 codec

Audio codecs that are frequently used in .avi files include the following audio codecs:

• MP3 codec
• Microsoft Adaptive Differential Pulse Code Modulation (MS ADPCM)
• Uncompressed Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) codec

Moving Pictures Experts Group (.mpg, .mpeg, .m1v, .mp2, .mp3, .mpa, .mpe, .mpv2, .m3u)

The Moving Picture Experts Group develop the Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) standards. These standards are an evolving set of standards for video and audio compression.

MPEG-1 (.mpeg, .mpg, .m1v)

Versions of Windows Media Player that support this file type:

• Windows Media Player 7
• Windows Media Player for Windows XP
• Windows Media Player 9 Series
• Windows Media Player 10
• Windows Media Player 11

This standard permits the coding of progressive video at a transmission rate of about 1.5 million bits per second (bps). This file format was designed specifically for use with Video-CD and CD-i media. The most common implementations of the MPEG-1 standard provides a video resolution of 352x240 at 30 frames per second (fps). When you use this standard, you receive a video that is slightly lower-quality than typical VCR videos.

Files that use the .m1v extension typically are MPEG-1 elementary streams that contain only video information. Files that use .mpg or .mpeg extensions typically are MPEG-1 system streams that contain MPEG-1-encoded video and MPEG-1 Layer II (MP2)-encoded audio.

However, MPEG-1 system streams do not exclusively use the .mpg and .mpeg extensions. MPEG-2 program streams also frequently use .mpg and .mpeg file extensions, but they contain MPEG-2-encoded video. Because Microsoft Windows operating systems provide only an MPEG-1 video decoder, Windows Media Player cannot play MPEG-2 program streams without an additional MPEG-2 video decoder (also known as a DVD decoder pack) installed. For more information about purchasing DVD decoder packs, visit the following Microsoft Web site:

MPEG Audio Layer III (.mp3)

Versions of Windows Media Player that support this file type:

• Windows Media Player 7
• Windows Media Player for Windows XP
• Windows Media Player 9 Series
• Windows Media Player 10
• Windows Media Player 11

This standard has also evolved from early MPEG work. It is an audio compression technology that is part of the MPEG-1 and MPEG-2 specifications. The Fraunhofer Institute developed MP3 in Germany in 1991. MP3 uses perceptual audio coding to compress CD-quality sound with almost the same fidelity.

MPEG Audio Layer II (.mp2, .mpa)

Versions of Windows Media Player that support this file type:

• Windows Media Player 7
• Windows Media Player for Windows XP
• Windows Media Player 9 Series
• Windows Media Player 10 Windows Media Player 11

MPEG Audio Layer II is an audio-coding standard that was originally developed as a part of the MPEG-1 specification and was later updated for the MPEG-2 specification.

M3U (.m3u)

Versions of Windows Media Player that support this file type:

• Windows Media Player 7
• Windows Media Player for Windows XP
• Windows Media Player 9 Series
• Windows Media Player 10
• Windows Media Player 11

An .m3u file is a metafile playlist that references .mp3 files and provides additional metadata for the items in the playlist.

Musical Instrument Digital Interface (.mid, .midi, .rmi)

Versions of Windows Media Player that support this file type:

• Windows Media Player 7
• Windows Media Player for Windows XP
• Windows Media Player 9 Series
• Windows Media Player 10
• Windows Media Player 11

Musical Instrument Digital Interface (MIDI) is a standard protocol for the interchange of musical information between musical instruments, synthesizers, and computers. This standard defines the codes for a musical event that include the start of a note, its pitch, length, volume, and musical attributes, such as vibrato. It also defines codes for various button, dial, and pedal adjustments that are used on synthesizers.

Audio Interchange File Format ( .aif, .aifc, .aiff)

Versions of Windows Media Player that support this file type:

• Windows Media Player 7
• Windows Media Player for Windows XP
• Windows Media Player 9 Series
• Windows Media Player 10
• Windows Media Player 11

Apple Computer developed the Audio Interchange File Format (AIFF) audio file format. You can use this format to store high-quality sampled audio and musical instrument information.

Sun Microsystems and NeXT (.au, .snd)

Versions of Windows Media Player that support this file type:

• Windows Media Player 7
• Windows Media Player for Windows XP
• Windows Media Player 9 Series
• Windows Media Player 10
• Windows Media Player 11

Unix Audio (.au) files are UNIX-generated sound files. A sound (.snd) file is an interchangeable sound file format that is used on Sun, NeXt, and Silicon Graphics computers. The file typically contains raw sound data that is followed by a text identifier.

Audio for Windows (.wav)

Versions of Windows Media Player that support this file type:

• Windows Media Player 7
• Windows Media Player for Windows XP
• Windows Media Player 9 Series
• Windows Media Player 10
• Windows Media Player 11

Windows uses the Wave Form Audio (WAV) file format to store sounds as waveforms. One minute of Pulse Code Modulation (PCM)-encoded sound can occupy as little as 644 kilobytes (KB) or as much as 27 megabytes (MB) of storage. This size of the storage space depends on the sampling frequency, the type of sound (mono or stereo), and the number of bits that are used for the sample.

Similar to the AVI and ASF format, WAV is only a file container. Audio content that is compressed with a wide variety of codecs and that is stored in a .wav file can be played back in Windows Media Player if the appropriate codecs are installed on the computer. The most common audio codecs that are used in .wav files include Microsoft Adaptive Differential Pulse Code Modulation (MS ADPCM) and uncompressed Pulse Code Modulation (PCM).

CD Audio Track (.cda)

Versions of Windows Media Player that support this file type:

• Windows Media Player 7
• Windows Media Player for Windows XP
• Windows Media Player 9 Series
• Windows Media Player 10
• Windows Media Player 11

CD Audio (.cda) tracks are audio files that are stored on CD media. You can play .cda files only from a CD-ROM. As a result, a sample file cannot be included in this article for you to play. To test a .cda file, either try to play a different .cda file from your CD-ROM or try to play a .cda file from a different CD-ROM. The .cda files are representations of CD audio tracks and do not contain the actual pulse code modulation (PCM) information. You cannot play the file if you copy a .cda file from the CD-ROM to your hard disk.

Indeo Video Technology (.ivf)

Versions of Windows Media Player that support this file type:

• Windows Media Player 7
• Windows Media Player for Windows XP
• Windows Media Player 10
• Windows Media Player 11

Indeo Video Files (IVF) are video files that are encoded by using the Indeo codec from Ligos Corporation. Indeo standards may change frequently. To make sure that you can play files that are encoded with this codec, make sure that you have the most current Indeo package. To verify that you have the latest Indeo package, contact Ligos Corporation. To do so, visit the following Ligos Web site: To play an .ivf file, download the file to your hard disk before you play it. To do so, follow these steps:

1. Right-click the link to the .ivf file, and then click Save Target As.
2. Specify a location on your hard disk where you want to save the file.
3. Double-click the file that you saved to your hard disk to play the file.

For more information, click the following article number to view the article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base:

Windows Media Player Skins (.wmz, .wms)

Versions of Windows Media Player that support this file type:

• Windows Media Player 7
• Windows Media Player for Windows XP
• Windows Media Player 9 Series
• Windows Media Player 10
• Windows Media Player 11

A Windows Media Player skin (.wms) definition file is an XML text document that defines the elements that are present in a skin, their relationships, and their functionality. A script creator creates the skin definition file (.wms) and any associated JScript files (.js) that incorporate the art elements and add functionality to the skin.

A .wmz file is a compressed Zip archive that contains a Windows Media Player skin definition file and associated Jscript files and its supporting graphic files.

QuickTime Content (.mov, .qt)

Versions of Windows Media Player that support this file type:

• Windows Media Player 7
• Windows Media Player for Windows XP
• Windows Media Player 9 Series
• Windows Media Player 10
• Windows Media Player 11

Apple Computer developed the QuickTime file format to create, edit, publish, and view multimedia files. QuickTime format can contain video, animation, graphics, 3D and virtual reality (VR) content. Only QuickTime files version 2.0 or earlier can be played in Windows Media Player. Later versions of QuickTime require the proprietary Apple QuickTime Player. For more information, visit the following Apple Web site:

File formats that are not supported

RealNetworks content (.ra, .rm, .ram)

RealNetworks content is created by software that is developed by RealNetworks. The content is compressed with proprietary RealVideo and RealAudio codecs and is stored in a file format developed by RealNetworks. To play RealNetworks content, obtain the RealOne player. To do so, visit the following RealNetworks Web site:

QuickTime content (.mov, .qt)

Apple Computer developed the QuickTime file format to create, edit, publish, and view multimedia files. QuickTime format can contain video, animation, graphics, 3D and virtual reality (VR) content. Only QuickTime files version 2.0 or earlier can be played in Windows Media Player. Later versions of QuickTime require the proprietary Apple QuickTime Player. For more information, visit the following Apple Web site:

MPEG-4 (.mp4)

MPEG-4 is an International Standards Organization (ISO) specification that covers many aspects of multimedia presentation including compression, authoring and delivery. Although video compression and file container definition are two separate and independent entities of the MPEG-4 specification, many people incorrectly believe that the two are interchangeable. You can implement only portions of the MPEG-4 specification and remain compliant with the standard.

The MPEG-4 file format, as defined by the MPEG-4 specification, contains MPEG-4 encoded video and Advanced Audio Coding (AAC)-encoded audio content. It typically uses the .mp4 extension. Windows Media Player does not support the playback of the .mp4 file format. You can play back .mp4 media files in Windows Media Player when you install DirectShow-compatible MPEG-4 decoder packs. DirectShow-compatible MPEG-4 decoder packs include the Ligos LSX-MPEG Player and the EnvivioTV.

For more information about the Ligos LSX-MPEG Player, visit the following Ligos Web site:For more information about EnvivioTV , visit the following Envivio Web site: Microsoft has chosen to implement the video compression portion of the MPEG-4 standard. Microsoft has currently produced the following MPEG-4-based video codecs:

• Microsoft MPEG-4 v1
• Microsoft MPEG-4 v2
• Microsoft MPEG-4 v3
• ISO MPEG-4 v1

MPEG-4 video content can be encoded and stored in an .asf file container by using Windows Media Tools and Windows Media Encoder. You can then play these files in Windows Media Player. For more information about Microsoft and MPEG-4 support, visit the following Microsoft Web site:

How do I determine what type of file I am playing?

To determine if the file that you are playing is compatible with Windows Media Player, right-click the file that you want to play, and then click Properties. The file type is listed in the Type of file box. The third-party products that this article discusses are manufactured by companies that are independent of Microsoft. Microsoft makes no warranty, implied or otherwise, regarding the performance or reliability of these products.

Microsoft provides third-party contact information to help you find technical support. This contact information may change without notice. Microsoft does not guarantee the accuracy of this third-party contact information.


For additional information about how to show file name extensions, click the following article number to view the article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base: