Summary This article explains how to activate Windows online or offline using an Installation ID and Confirmation ID across Windows 11, Windows 10, Windows 8.1/8, Windows 7, Windows Vista, and Windows XP. It explains online activation steps, offline activation through the Product Activation Portal, and three offline workflows: Activation page, SLMGR command prompt, and SLUI command prompt. It ...

Certificate authority (CA) A certificate authority is an entity similar to a notary public. It issues digital certificates, signs certificates to verify their validity and tracks which certificates have been revoked or have expired. Top of Page Digital signature assurances The following terms and definitions show what assurances are provided by digital signatures. Authenticity The signer is ...

為了確保 XBOX Game Pass 訂閱服務定價反映當地市場經濟，XBOX Game Pass 訂閱卡只能在購買所在國家或地區進行兌換，任何其他國家或地區皆無法提供此項兌換。

Learn how to request a replacement for your Xbox controller and check its warranty status.

Learn how to find a Windows product key for activation, and when you'll use a digital license instead.

Introduction Microsoft is updating the Windows code-signing infrastructure to replace expiring certificates (CAs), strengthen signing algorithms, and prepare for post-quantum cryptography (PQC). Some applications might fail when Microsoft signing certificates or algorithms change, even when Windows considers the signed file valid and trusted. Developers and software vendors should review all ...

If Secure Boot is not enabled, you can skip the update steps below as they are not applicable. How updates are deployed There are multiple ways to target devices for the Secure Boot certificate updates. Deployment details, including settings and events, will be discussed later in this document. When you target a device for updates, a setting is made on the device to indicate that the device ...

Provides information for avoiding and reporting Microsoft technical support scams.

Microsoft.com Worldwide Microsoft.com is available in a variety of countries/regions. Choose your language preference below.

About digital signatures and certificates in Office, and buying a digital certificate from a certificate authority or create your own.