This article describes the formula syntax and usage of the DISC function in Microsoft Excel.
Description
Returns the discount rate for a security.
Syntax
DISC(settlement, maturity, pr, redemption, [basis])
Important
Dates should be entered by using the DATE function, or as results of other formulas or functions. For example, use DATE(2018,5,23) for the 23rd day of May, 2018. Problems can occur if dates are entered as text.
The DISC function syntax has the following arguments:
- Settlement Required. The security's settlement date. The security settlement date is the date after the issue date when the security is traded to the buyer.
- Maturity Required. The security's maturity date. The maturity date is the date when the security expires.
- Pr Required. The security's price per $100 face value.
- Redemption Required. The security's redemption value per $100 face value.
- Basis Optional. The type of day count basis to use.
| Basis | Day count basis |
|---|---|
| 0 or omitted | US (NASD) 30/360 |
| 1 | Actual/actual |
| 2 | Actual/360 |
| 3 | Actual/365 |
| 4 | European 30/360 |
Remarks
Microsoft Excel stores dates as sequential serial numbers so they can be used in calculations. By default, January 1, 1900 is serial number 1, and January 1, 2018 is serial number 43101 because it is 43,101 days after January 1, 1900.
The settlement date is the date a buyer purchases a coupon, such as a bond. The maturity date is the date when a coupon expires. For example, suppose a 30-year bond is issued on January 1, 2018, and is purchased by a buyer six months later. The issue date would be January 1, 2018, the settlement date would be July 1, 2018, and the maturity date would be January 1, 2048, 30 years after the January 1, 2018, issue date.
Settlement, maturity, and basis are truncated to integers.
If settlement or maturity is not a valid serial date number, DISC returns the #VALUE! error value.
If pr ≤ 0 or if redemption ≤ 0, DISC returns the #NUM! error value.
If basis < 0 or if basis > 4, DISC returns the #NUM! error value.
If settlement ≥ maturity, DISC returns the #NUM! error value.
DISC is calculated as follows:
where:- B = number of days in a year, depending on the year basis.
- DSM = number of days between settlement and maturity.
Example
Copy the example data in the following table, and paste it in cell A1 of a new Excel worksheet. For formulas to show results, select them, press F2, and then press Enter. If you need to, you can adjust the column widths to see all the data.
| Data | Description | |
|---|---|---|
| 07/01/2018 | Settlement date | |
| 01/01/2048 | Maturity date | |
| 97.975 | Price | |
| 100 | Redemption value | |
| 1 | Actual/actual basis (see above) | |
| Formula | Description | Result |
| =DISC(A2,A3,A4,A5,A6) | The bond discount rate, for a bond with the above terms | 0.001038 |